北京典型景观水体好氧反硝化菌组成特征  

Composition Characteristics of Aerobic Denitrification Bacteria in Typical Landscape Waters in Beijing

作　　者：骆坚平[1,2] 刘玉娟[1,2] 潘涛[1,2] 李安峰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市环境保护科学研究院,北京100037 [2]国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心,北京100037

出　　处：《微生物学杂志》2015年第6期21-26,共6页Journal of Microbiology

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07203-001-01);北京市环境保护科学研究院科技基金(2013-A-07)

摘　　要：好氧反硝化菌对环境水体氮素的循环起到非常重要的作用。对北京市6个典型景观水体中好氧反硝化菌进行富集培养和分离,并开展菌株的16S rRNA基因测序和组成特征分析。结果表明,从6个水体中共富集分离得到80株好氧反硝化菌,均为变形菌门(Proteobacteria),聚类于其3个纲(α-Proteobacteria、β-Proteobacteria、γ-Proteobacteria),分属于9个属,31个物种。其中90%左右的菌株具有良好的好氧反硝化能力,是水体进行生物脱氮修复的重要微生物基础。在不同景观水体中,好氧反硝化菌表现出较为明显的分布差异性和性能差异性,除了普遍存在的假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)外,每个水体基本都有属于自己的特异菌属,其中重要的特异菌属包括Alishewanella、Delftia、Hydrogenophaga和Rheinheimera,这对水体修复具有指导意义。Aerobic denitrification bacteria play an important role in nitrogen cycle of waters. In this study, aerobic denitrification bacteria were enriched and separated by domesticated cultivation and selection from 6 typical landscape waters in Beijing, and their 16S rRNA genes were sequenced for bacteria identification. Eighty strains of aerobic denitriflers were obtained. The results showed that they belong to 9 genera and 31 species, all of them spread in the phylum of Proteobacteria and mainly its three classes： ct-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, and γ-Proteobacteria. About 90% of the denitrifiers have good denitrification ability, and this is the important microbiological basis for bioremediation of waters. The aerobic denitrifiers showed obvious differences of distribution and denitrification ability in the 6 waters. Although the genus Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter wildly distribute among different waters, almost every waters has its own specific genera that include Alishewanella, Delftia, Hydrogenophaga and Rheinheimera. Therefore, this is of important guiding significance for waters bioremediation.

关 键 词：景观水体 好氧反硝化菌 组成特征 

分 类 号：Q939.111[生物学—微生物学] X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]