油茶花期观察及花粉萌发率影响因素研究  

Observation of flowering and influence factors of pollen germination rate in Camellia oleifera

作　　者：蔡坚 刘晓飞[3] 刘喻娟 张应中[1,2] 李莉玲[1,2] 王明怀[1,2] 丁晓纲[1,2] 李远平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省森林病虫害生物防治重点实验室,广东广州510520 [2]广东省林业科学研究院,广东广州510520 [3]江西省安源国家森林公园景区建设管理局,江西萍乡337000

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第23期72-75,F0002,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2014A020208043;2015B020202002);广东省林业科技创新专项(2013KJCX 009-01)

摘　　要：取普通油茶的花为试材,对油茶单花开放情况进行观察,并研究了不同条件对油茶花粉萌发率的影响.结果表明：所选油茶单株的单花开放时间为5～16 d,且单花寿命受天气影响;花粉萌发的适宜培养基为10％蔗糖＋0.005％硼酸＋1％琼脂;不同的采花时间花粉萌发率差异较大,而不同的花朵保鲜方式花粉萌发率差异不大;各种干燥处理的花粉萌发率均高于对照,适度的加热处理有助于花粉萌发;不同储藏条件下,花粉生活力差异较大,-20℃冷冻条件下储藏效果最佳,而室温干燥箱储藏的花粉萌发率下降迅速,至150 d全部失活,-4℃冷藏条件下储藏的花粉萌发率为39.43％,-20℃冷冻条件下储藏的花粉萌发率仍在55％以上.Taking flowers of Camellia oleifera as materials, the opening process of single flower and the pollen germination rate in different conditions were studied in this paper. The opening time of single flower lasted 5-16 days, the lifespan would be affected by weather. The suitable medium components for pollen germination were 10% sucrose, 0.005% boric acid, and 1% agar. Florescence rather than flower preservation mode had influence on pollen germination rate. The germination rates of pollen after several drying treatments were all higher than that of control, and moderate heat treatment was conducive to pollen germination. In different storage conditions, the pollen vitalities were significantly different, the best was storage at -20℃. At room temperature, the pollen germination rate decreased rapidly, the pollen was inactive after 150 days. The germination rates were 39.43% and above 55%, at 4℃ and -20℃storage, respectively.

关 键 词：油茶 花粉 萌发率 储藏 生活力 

分 类 号：S722.34[农业科学—林木遗传育种]