虚拟车内噪声响度场分布的声源识别分析与优化  

Virtual loudness mapping for noise source identification and optimization design for vehicle interior noise reduction

作　　者：高印寒[1] 张澧桐[2] 梁杰[1] 王智博[1] 姜文君 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,长春130022 [2]吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院,长春130022 [3]中国第一汽车股份有限公司技术中心,长春130011

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2016年第3期139-144,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划(20126007;20130206031GX)

摘　　要：针对传统声压级对车内噪声主观性考虑不足的缺陷,提出符合人双耳特性的虚拟车内噪声特征响度预测及声源识别方法。根据某重型商用车驾驶室内低频轰鸣声严重的问题,基于Zwicker响度模型,在matlab中建立频域的混响场特征响度计算模型。结合路试实验激励数据和驾驶室有限元声-固耦合模型,对驾驶室内噪声响度分布和响度结构板块贡献量进行计算,识别不同板材振动产生的辐射噪声分量对驾驶室内噪声品质频谱特性的影响。实验结果表明:相对于声压级,采用响度作为分析参数提高了驾驶室内噪声源识别精度,指导结构优化设计,改善车内声学品质具有更好的效果。The shortcomings of traditional sound pressures level （SPL） were discussed, such as subjectivity consideration for noise and so on. A virtual method for predicting loudness characteristics and iden the lack of tifying noise sources based on human auditory properties was applied to analyze vehicle interior noises. In order to reduce the interior low booming of commercial vehicle, a characteristic loudness calculation model for diffuse sound field was built in Maflab on the basis of Zwicker model. The excitation signals at the suspension mountings and the responding signals of the interior noise were measured by road testing. And to predict and calculate the loudness mapping and structural contribution of the cab, an acoustic-structure coupled finite element model was established, by which the influences of the vehicle interior noise from different plates sources on the sound quality frequency spectrum design were analysed. The results of noise source identification reveal that compared with the traditional SPL, the loudness mapping adopted as an identifying parameter in noise source identification is more effective to detect rattling sources from cab plates vibrations. By using the proposed method, the acoustic optimization design of the cab was carried out and results in excellent performances.

关 键 词：汽车工程 混响场 声-固耦合 响度分布 贡献分析 

分 类 号：TH53[机械工程] TB533.2[理学—物理]