深水钻井隔水管反冲控制系统建模与仿真  

Modeling and Simulation for Recoil Control System of Deepwater Drilling Riser

作　　者：何新霞[1] 张方芬 田秀娟[1] 刘秀全[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)信息与控制工程学院 [2]中国石油大学(华东)海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心

出　　处：《石油机械》2016年第3期63-67,共5页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"深水钻井隔水管作业管理及安全评价技术"(2011ZX05026-001-05)

摘　　要：海洋深水钻井作业过程中,由于动力定位失效造成钻井船无法保持其有效位置时,须断开隔水管与井口的连接,此时,隔水管会发生反冲,若反冲得不到有效控制,易发生钻井事故。为此,针对液压缸直接作用式隔水管张力器反冲控制系统,提出一种基于模糊PID控制器调节反冲阀开度,达到控制隔水管垂直位移的控制方法,并对控制算法进行设计。基于Matlab构建反冲控制系统的精确仿真模型,进行一系列的仿真研究分析。分析结果表明,闭环控制可以达到较好的控制效果,系统的稳定性增强,PID控制和模糊PID控制都能发挥较好的控制作用,有效地控制了隔水管的反冲速度,经过综合比较可知,模糊PID控制降低了隔水管起升位移的峰值,减少了液压系统的压力冲击,提高了系统控制性能。研究结果可为深水钻井隔水管的安全应用提供参考。For the deepwater drilling operation using dynamic positioning drilling apparatus, if the dynamic positioning failed to maintain the drillship in an effective position, connection between riser and wellhead must be disconnected?Riser recoil would occur during disconnection, and could result in drilling accidents if not effectively controlled?Taking recoil control system for the hydraulic cylinder direct?acting riser tensioner as objective, the composition of recoil control system is analyzed?A control method of using Fuzzy?PID controller to adjust the recoil valve opening to control the vertical displacement of the riser has been proposed, and the control algorithm has been designed?An accurate simulation model of recoil control system has also been established based on Matlab to conduct simulation research and analysis?The results show that the closed?loop control can achieve better control effect, enhance system stability, and both the PID control and fuzzy PID control could provide better control, thus providing effectively control over the riser recoil velocity?Comprehensive comparison indicated that, the fuzzy PID control reduced riser raising displacement peak, resulting in reduced impact of the hydraulic pressure system, im?proving the system control performance.

关 键 词：隔水管 张紧系统 反冲控制 模糊PID控制 仿真 

分 类 号：TE951[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]