张力下的统一——重读《威廉·麦斯特的学习时代》  

Unity beneath Tensions: Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre Reconsidered

作　　者：孙胜忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学英语学院,上海200083

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2016年第1期68-74,共7页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：2011年国家社科基金项目"西方成长小说流变考"(项目编号:11BWW047)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：歌德的《威廉·麦斯特的学习时代》自问世以来,一方面被奉为原型成长小说,另一方面因其反讽结局和文本中存在的各种张力而遭到论者的诟病。本文拟从小说的结局、德国当时崇尚的"美善合一"的理想和歌德本人"相互联系"的观念等方面探讨小说中反讽结局、感性与理性、现实与观念、行动与思想等张力下的辩证统一性,并结合成长小说的美学原则、当时的历史和文化背景以及作家的创作思想进一步探究文本既矛盾又统一背后的深层原因。Since its publication, Goethe＇ s Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre has been regarded as the archetypal Bildungsroman. But on the other hand, it has been constantly criticized for its ironical ending and various tensions within the text. This paper probes into the dialectical unity beneath the ironical ending and various tensions such as those between sensibility and sense, actuality and notionality, action and idea, etc. in terms of the novel＇ s ending, the classical ideal of ＂Kalokagathie＂ that Germans advocated at that time and Goethe＇s concept of ＂Zusammenhang＂. It further explores the possible deep reasons for the unity of opposites based on the aesthetic principles of Bildungsroman, the historical and cultural context at the time of the production of the novel and Goethe＇ s writing ideas.

关 键 词：歌德 《威廉·麦斯特的学习时代》 成长小说 美善合一 辩证统一 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]