琥珀及其仿制品的鉴定  

Identification of Amber and Its Imitation

作　　者：欧阳妙星 岳素伟[1,2] 高孔[3] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学广州学院珠宝学院,广东广州510800 [2]华南理工大学广州学院工程研究院珠宝研究所,广东广州510800 [3]中国地质大学珠宝学院,北京100083

出　　处：《宝石和宝石学杂志》2016年第1期24-34,共11页Journal of Gems & Gemmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41403032);省级质量工程项目(JY141110);云峰企业项目(H1500002);校级教学改革项目(JY140315)的联合资助

摘　　要：琥珀受到消费者追捧,价格一路走高,市场出现了塑料、玻璃、松香、树脂等琥珀仿制品,这些仿制品给琥珀鉴定造成了一定的困扰。本文以天然琥珀、松香、压制琥珀等为研究对象,利用宝石学基础测试和红外光谱测试发现:通过触感、内部观察以及饱和盐水实验可以对琥珀和塑料、压制琥珀进行辨别,而可溶性实验可对琥珀及大部分成熟度低的柯巴树脂、松香、硬树脂进行辨别。红外光谱显示,琥珀存在2 932、2 868、1 695cm^(-1)三处特征峰;柯巴树脂存在三处与环外C=C有关的吸收峰,分别为3 080、1 642、887cm^(-1);松香在3 079cm^(-1)处与柯巴树脂相似,也存在一个小的吸收峰,在1 200~500cm^(-1)区间内有多个明显的吸收峰,与天然琥珀有较大差异。Amber is becoming more and more popular as it is fascinated by many customers; thus many amber imitations occurred in the maker, such as plastic, glass, rosin and resin. Based on the gemmology and infrared spectroscopy, this study was conducted on the natural amber, rosin and compressed amber. Under the systematic research, the amber could be dis- tinguished by touch feelings; inner texture observations together with saturated brine experi- ment. The dissolution experiment is able to separate amber apart from copal. Meanwhile, the infrared spectrum of natural amber is characterized by four peaks at 2 932, 2 868 and 1 695 cm-1. While the copal resin has three simultaneously absorption peaks that is related to exocyclic C-C at 3 080, 1 642 and 887 cm-1. Resembling to the copal resin, the rosin has a small absorption peak at 3 079 cm-1 , however, the most apparent signature of multiple ab-sorptions between 1 200--500 cm-1 is the key characteristic identification to distinguish natu- ral amber and rosin.

关 键 词：小儿腹泻 循证医学 循证护理 

分 类 号：TS93[轻工技术与工程]