草坪4种害虫与天敌间的数量和时间关系综合研究  

Comprehensive study on quantity and temporal relationships between four main pests and their natural enemies in lawns

作　　者：李芬[1,2] 王建盼 刘飞飞[1] 毕守东[1] 邹运鼎[1] 周夏芝[1] 林雪飞[1] 陈向阳[1] 汪文俊[1] 张欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学理学院,合肥230036 [2]合肥市32中学,合肥230001

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2016年第1期111-118,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金(95-农-05;11040606M71)共同资助

摘　　要：为了合理保护和利用天敌进行草坪害虫的综合防治,用t检验法比较了高羊茅草坪和麦冬草坪之间害虫及其天敌的种群差异。结果表明,主要害虫小蟋蟀、粟茎跳甲、麦长管蚜和大眼长蝽的t值分别为0.7938、1.8587、0.9302和4.8237,两种类型草坪之间大眼长蝽差异极其显著,粟茎跳甲的差异基本显著(t_(0.10)=1.72),小蟋蟀及麦长管蚜的差异均不显著。天敌锥腹肖蛸、三突花蟹蛛、黄褐新园蛛、草间小黑蛛、艳大步甲和八点球腹蛛的t值依次为1.4393、0.1523、0.1155、0.8546、0.7450和3.6077,八点球腹蛛差异极显著(t_(0.01)=2.82),其余差异均不显著(t_(0.05)=2.07)。采用灰色关联度分析法和生态位分析法对2种草坪上小蟋蟀,粟茎跳甲、麦长管蚜和大眼长蝽与其天敌在种群数量和发生时间的关系进行综合分析,结果表明,与小蟋蟀关系密切的前3位天敌,高羊茅草坪上的依次是艳大步甲、草间小黑蛛和八点球腹蛛,麦冬草坪上的依次是艳大步甲、草间小黑蛛和黄褐新园蛛,两种草坪上前两位天敌相同,第3位不同;与粟茎跳甲关系密切的前3位天敌,高羊茅草坪上的依次是黄褐新园蛛、草间小黑蛛和八点球腹蛛,麦冬草坪上的依次是黄褐新园蛛、草间小黑蛛和锥腹肖蛸。两草坪上前两位天敌相同,第3位不同;与麦长管蚜关系密切的前3位天敌,高羊茅草坪上的依次是八点球腹蛛、黄褐新园蛛和草间小黑蛛,麦冬草坪上的依次是黄褐新园蛛、锥腹肖蛸和三突花蟹蛛,2种草坪与麦长管蚜关系密切的3位天敌中均都有圆珠;与大眼长蝽关系密切的前3位天敌,高羊茅草坪上的依次是草间小黑蛛、八点球腹蛛和锥腹肖蛸,麦冬草坪上的依次是艳大步甲、八点球腹蛛和草间小黑蛛。为4种害虫的综合防治协调运用化学防治和天敌资源控制害虫提供科学依据。To reasonably conserve and utilize natural efiemies for comprehensive control of pests in lawns, a t-test was employed to compare population differences of main pests and their natural enemies in Festuca arun- dinace and Ophiopogon japonicus. The results showed that the t value of the main pests Seapsipesus asperus, Chaotocnema ingonua, Sitobion avenae and Geocoris pallidipennis were 0.7938, 1.8587, 0.9302 and 4.8237, re- spectively. An extremely significant and significant difference （t0.10=1.72） in the number of Geocoris pallidipennis and Chaotocnema ingonua between two lawns was observed, respectively, but no significant difference was found in the number of Seapsipesus asperus and Sitobion avenae. The t value of Tetragnatha maxillosa, Misumenops tricuspidatus, Neoscona doenilzi, Erigonidium graminicola, Carabus lafossei coelestis and Theridion octomacu- latum were 1.4393, 0.1523, 0.1155, 0.8546, 0.7450 and 3.6077, respectively. Therefore, the number of Theridion octomaculatum showed a significant difference （t0.01=2.82）, while the others had no significant differences （t0.05=2.07） between the two lawns. The comprehensive study on the relationship in quantity and occurrence timebetween Seapsipesus asperus, Chaotocnema ingonua, Sitobion avenae and Geocoris pallidipennis and their natu- ral enemies were analyzed using the grey system analysis and ecological niche analysis. The results showed that the top three natural enemies of Seapsipesus asperus in Festuca arundinace were Carabus lafossei coelestis, Erigonidium grarninicola and Theridion octomaculatum and Carabus lafossei coelestis, Erigonidium graminicola and Neoscona doenilzi in Ophiopogon japonicus. The top three natural enemies of Chaotocnema ingonua were Neoscona doenilzi, Erigonidium graminicola and Theridion octomaculatum in Festuca arundinace and Neoscona doenilzi, Erigonidium graminicola and Tetragnatha maxillosa in Ophiopogon japonicus. The top three natural enemies of Sitobion avenae were Theridion octomaculatum, Neoscona doenilzi and

关 键 词：草坪 害虫 天敌 数量 时间 分析 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]