干啤酒糟替代饲料中豆粕对奥尼罗非鱼生长与生化指标的影响  

Brewer's dried grain as a substitute for soybean meal in formulated diets for hybrid tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus)

作　　者：李小霞[1] 邱彬崇[1] 柳碧薇 甘炼[1] 潘庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2016年第2期406-416,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2009B020309001)

摘　　要：以干啤酒糟分别替代饲料中0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%的豆粕,配制成6种等氮等能的试验饲料,研究干啤酒糟对奥尼罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus）生长性能、体组成、血清生化指标和抗氧化能力的影响。将540尾初始体重为（3.00±0.08）g的奥尼罗非鱼随机分为6个试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,在室内循环水养殖系统中进行为期60 d的生长试验。结果表明：当干啤酒糟替代豆粕的比例在0~40%时,各试验组间增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率和蛋白质效率均无显著差异（P〉0.05）,且显著高于60%、80%和100%替代组（P〈0.05）。以增重率和饲料效率为依据,通过折线模型分析得到,奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼饲料中干啤酒糟替代豆粕的最适比例分别为27.0%和28.9%。试验鱼全鱼和肌肉组织蛋白和脂肪含量随着饲料干啤酒糟替代比例的增加而逐渐下降,当替代比例为100%时,试验鱼体蛋白和体脂肪含量显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）。试验鱼脏体比随着替代比例的增加而升高,而肥满度则显著降低（P〈0.05）。随着干啤酒糟替代豆粕比例的增加,试验鱼血清谷丙转氨酶的活性逐渐升高,当替代比例超过60%时,显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）;血清谷草转氨酶则随替代比例的增加而显著升高（P〈0.05）,而血糖含量则呈相反的趋势,当替代比例超过40%时,显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）。试验鱼血清总抗氧化能力随着替代比例的增加而逐渐降低,当替代比例超过20%时,显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）;血清超氧化物歧化酶则随替代比例的增加而显著降低（P〈0.05）。综合分析,奥尼罗非鱼饲料中干啤酒糟替代豆粕的最适比例为27.0%~28.9%。This feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal with brewer＇s dried grain levels on the growth performance, body composition, serum biochemical indices and antioxidant capacity of juvenile hybrid tilapias（Oreochromis niloticus×O. aureus）. Five hundred and forty juveniles with an initial weight of（3.00±0.08） g were randomly divided into six groups with three replicates of 30 fish. Six isonitrogenous and isoenergic experimental diets were formulated to contain different levels of brewers＇ dried grains to replace soybean meal at 0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%, respectively. The experiment was performed for 60 d in an indoor recirculating culture system. The results showed that there were no significant differences in weight gain, specific growth ratio, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio when the replacement level was 0–40%（P〉0.05）. The growth performances of the fish were significantly poorer in 60%, 80% and 100% groups（P〈0.05）. Based on weight gain and feed efficiency of broken-line analysis, the best replacement ratios of soybean meal with brewer＇s dried grain were 27.0% and 28.9%, respectively. The crude protein and lipid contents in the whole body and muscle decreased as the replacement level increased. When the replacement level was 100%, the crude protein and lipid contents in the whole body were significantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. In addition, the viscerosomatic index（VSI） of the fish decreased with increasing dietary brewer＇s dried grain level, as did the condition factor（P〈0.05）. The activity of alanine aminotransferase（ALT） significantly increased as the replacement level increased; when the replacement level was more than 60%, serum ALT activities were significantly higher than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. Aspartate aminotransferase activities significantly increased as the replacement level increased（P〈0.05）. The glucose contents were significantly reduced with incr

关 键 词：奥尼罗非鱼 干啤酒糟 生长性能 体成分 生化指标 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：S963.71[农业科学—水产养殖]