蚕蛹超声辅助常温脱脂工艺条件优化  

The Optimization of Ultrasound-assisted Mesothermal Degreasing Process of Silkworm Pupa

作　　者：左振宇[1] 喻放[1] 黄艳鸿 王家怡[1] 李凌凌[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学化学工程与技术学院,武汉430081

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2016年第2期158-164,共7页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2014CFB802)

摘　　要：脱脂是蚕蛹精制过程中的重要环节,脱脂过程中保持蚕蛹蛋白的活性十分必要。旨在对蚕蛹超声辅助常温脱脂工艺进行研究,采用响应面分析法对工艺条件进行优化,并建立相应的预测模型。单因素实验和响应面法优化得到蚕蛹超声辅助常温最佳脱脂工艺为:石油醚-丙酮(3∶7)为溶剂,液料比11 m L/g,超声功率125 W、超声时间27 min,温度40℃左右;在该脱脂条件下,蚕蛹脱脂率为(96.8±0.8)%。各因素对蚕蛹脱脂率的影响程度由强至弱依次为:液固比>超声时间>超声功率。溶剂类型和液固比是影响蚕蛹脱脂效率的决定性因素,超声辅助脱脂具有脱脂温度低,脱脂时间短,物质活性不易破坏,脱脂率高的优点。Degreasing of silkworm pupa is a vital step prior to others in the refining process, throughout which it is necessary to maintain the protein activity of silkworm pupa. Technology of ultrasound-assisted mesothermal degreasing silkworm pupa was investigated, and response surface methodology was used to optimize the operating parameters and the corresponding prediction models were established. The optimal degreasing conditions were acquired by single-factor experiments and response surface methodology, and listed as follows ：petroleum ether ：acetone（3∶7）as solvent, liquid-solid ratio 11 m L/g, ultrasound power 125 W, ultrasonic treating time 27 min, and temperature 40℃. The degreasing ratio of silkworm pupa reached（96.8 ± 0.8）% under these conditions, and the results showed that the degreasing ratio of silkworm pupa was affected in decreasing order by liquid-solid ratio, ultrasonic treating time and ultrasound power. The effects of solvent types and liquid-solid ratio were the decisive factors resulting in the variation of degreasing efficiency of silkworm pupa. Overall, the ultrasound-assisted degreasing process owns the advantages of low temperature, short time, no damage to the activity of product, and high degreasing ratio.

关 键 词：蚕蛹 超声波辅助 常温脱脂 响应面法 

分 类 号：TQ936[化学工程] S886.9[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]