六种鲽形目鱼类无眼侧头部皮肤形态特征与功能探讨  

Morphological characteristics and functional investigation of the abocular side skins on head of six pleuronectiformes fishes

作　　者：商晓梅[1,2,3] 马爱军[1,3] 王新安[1,3] 周洲[1] 孙志宾[1,3] 夏丹丹[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,青岛市海水鱼类种子工程与生物技术重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋生物学与生物技术功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产学报》2016年第2期189-197,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：青岛市基础研究资助项目[12-1-4-12-(1)-jch];国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-50-G01);上海海洋大学研究生科研基金重点项目(A1-0209-14-0900-5)~~

摘　　要：本研究采用扫描电镜方法首次对半滑舌鳎、大菱鲆等6种鲽形目鱼类无眼侧头部皮肤形态结构进行观察比较,以期获得与摄食行为等生态习性相关的新发现。结果显示,半滑舌鳎和塞内加尔鳎的无眼侧头部皮肤存在大量游离神经丘,但其形态特征存在差异。半滑舌鳎皮肤表面的游离神经丘类似于乳头状突起,突起上有表皮细胞形成的微脊,多个为一簇,很少单独存在,呈无规则排列;而塞内加尔鳎的游离神经丘直接裸露在皮肤表面,呈线性排列在肉芽状皮肤突起的下方。星突江鲽的头部无眼侧皮肤表面零散分布着多个为一簇的游离神经丘,形状类似于半滑舌鳎的乳头状游离神经丘。大菱鲆、黄盖鲽和条斑星鲽的头部无眼侧皮肤表面未发现游离神经丘等特殊结构,但其表面均凹凸不平。研究推测鲽形目鱼类头部无眼侧皮肤形态特征与其摄食习性密切相关;其头部无眼侧游离神经丘的分布特征与种群分类存在一定的相关性,可为物种的分类提供一定依据。In this study, the morphologies of the abocular side skins on head of six pleuronectiformes fishes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The results showed that a large number of free neuromasts were found on the abocular side skins of Cynoglossus semilaevis and Solea senegalensis with more occurring around the anterior nares and the tips. The free neuromasts in C. semilaevis looked like papillae, covered by many skin wrinkles that consisted of epidermis cells and generally appeared in groups with random arrangement.However, the free neuromasts of S. senegalensis skins, exposed on the surface with a linear arrangement, lie under the bud-like epidermis. A small amount of neuromasts scatter on head skins of Platichthys stellatus, whose morphologies were similar to those of C. semilaevis. Except orifices of mucus secretion, there were no special structures found on the skins of abocular sides of Scophthalmus maximus, Limanda yokohamae and Verasper moseri. According to the differences in organization and distribution of free neuromasts, it is inferred that morphological characteristics of the abocular side skins in pleuronectiformes many be closely related to their feeding behaviors. The distribution characters of free neuromasts on the abocular side skins can provide a certain basis for species classification of pleuronectiformes.

关 键 词：鲽形目 无眼侧皮肤 游离神经丘 扫描电镜 形态特征 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]