食物血糖生成指数健康教育对社区2型糖尿病患者膳食调整的影响  被引量:11

Effects of community-based health education in food glycemic index on dietary modification of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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作  者:夏杰琼[2] 黄金[1] 唐大寒[3] 张胜康[1] 成扶真 李亚芳 周雯[5] 

机构地区:[1]中南大学糖尿病中心中南大学代谢内分泌研究所糖尿病免疫学教育部重点实验室中南大学湘雅二医院内分泌科,长沙410011 [2]海口市人民医院暨中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院骨科中心 [3]中南大学糖尿病中心中南大学代谢内分泌研究所糖尿病免疫学教育部重点实验室中南大学湘雅二医院营养科,长沙410011 [4]长沙市天心区金盆岭三真卫生服务中心,410015 [5]中南大学糖尿病中心中南大学代谢内分泌研究所糖尿病免疫学教育部重点实验室中南大学湘雅二医院肾病内科,长沙410011

出  处:《中华临床营养杂志》2016年第1期8-14,共7页Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

基  金:美国雅礼协会贾氏社区拓展项目(2008CC02S)

摘  要:目的观察低血糖生成指数(LGI)及低血糖生成负荷(LGL)的饮食干预对社区2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者饮食知识、饮食结构的影响。方法2010年6至9月整群随机抽取湖南省长沙市金盆岭三真社区3个不同小区T2DM患者各35例,采用随机数字表法分组为全天饮食干预组(A组)、早餐饮食干预组(B组)及对照组(C组)。通过3个月分组饮食健康教育和饮食干预,分析干预前、后3组患者饮食知识、膳食中食用油、血糖生成指数(GI)、血糖生成负荷(GL)的变化。结果干预前所有患者GI知识知晓率低(57.7%),每餐饮食的平均GI值(69.71±8.55)、全天饮食的GL值(132.45±16.25)、个人饮食全天食用油量[(39.95±20.64)g]均处于偏高水平。干预后,A组、B组患者GI知识的平均知晓率均较干预前提高(96.3%比57.1%,94.5%比60.5%,均P〈0.05),C组患者无变化(干预前55.3%,干预后54.8%,P〉0.05)。干预后,A组全天食用油量的改善优于B组和C组[干预前后的差值:(7.81±3.91)g比(-5.12±1.37)g、(-3.45±5.95)g,均P〈0.05];每餐平均GI值的改善效果由好到差依次为A组(5.95±2.27)、B组(-0.85±1.87)、C组(-2.87±1.93)(均P〈0.05);A组患者全天GL值的改善(11.31±4.31)优于B组(1.23±27.82)、C组(-0.43±18.40)(均P〈0.05)。结论干预前社区T2DM患者每餐平均GI值、全天GL值、全天食用油量偏高,对GI知晓率低。GI知识健康教育能有效地提高T2DM患者对GI饮食知识的知晓率,LGI及LGL饮食干预能有效改善患者膳食结构,其中全天饮食干预较早餐饮食干预更有效。Objective To evaluate the effects of dietary intervention with low glycemic index (LGI) and low glycemic load (LGL) on dietary knowledge and dietary modification of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This study was a cluster randomized controlled study. From June to September 2010, 105 T2DM patients were randomly sampled from 3 residential areas (n = 35 in each) in Jin Pen Ling community, Changsha, Hunan province and divided into three groups with a random number table: whole-day dietary intervention group ( group A, n = 35 ) , breakfast dietary intervention group ( group B, n = 35 ) , and control group ( group C, n = 35 ). Interventions included 3-month health education and dietary intervention. Dietary knowledge, dietary oils, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) of the three groups were com- pared before and after intervention. Results Before intervention, all the three groups showed a low level of knowledge about GI (57.7%), and high levels of average GI value of each meal (69.71 ±8.55), GL value per day (132.45 ± 16.25 ), and daily cooking oil intake [ (39.95 ±20.64)g ]. The average knowledge level about GI increased after intervention in both group A (96.3% vs. 57.1% , P 〈0.05) and group B (94.5% vs. 60.5 %, P 〈 0.05 ), but not in group C (54.8% vs. 55.3 %, P 〉 O. 05 ). The reduction of daily cooking oil intake in group A was larger than those in group B and group C [ (7.81± 3.91 ) g vs. ( - 5.12 ±1.37) g, (7.81±3.91 ) g vs. ( - 3.45 ± 5.95 ) g, both P 〈 0.05 ] ; so was the average GI value of each meal [ group A, (5.95±2.27); groupB (-0.85±1.87); groupC, (-2.87±1.93); allP〈0.05]. The changes of GL values in group A ( 11.31 ± 4.31 ) was better than in group B ( 1.23 ±27.82 ) and group C ( - 0.43 ±18.40) (both P 〈 0.05). Conclusions The average GI value, GL value, and daily cooking oil intake of T2DM patients were all at a high level before interven

关 键 词:2型糖尿病 血糖生成指数 血糖生成负荷 膳食调整 

分 类 号:R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]

 

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