华中地区某县农田土壤黑碳分布特征及来源解析  

Characteristics and sources of black carbon in agricultural soils from a county in central China

作　　者：占长林[1,2] 万的军[3] 王平[2] 韩永明[2] 张家泉[1] 刘红霞[1] 肖文胜[1] 刘先利[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北理工学院环境科学与工程学院,矿区环境污染控制与修复湖北省重点实验室,黄石435003 [2]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安710061 [3]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,石家庄050061

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2016年第1期55-64,共10页Journal of Earth Environment

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学技术研究计划青年人才项目(Q20144401);黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLLQG1228,1326);矿区环境污染控制与修复湖北省重点实验室开放基金(2013106);湖北理工学院优秀青年科技创新团队资助计划项目(13xtz07)~~

摘　　要：以华中地区阳新县农田土壤为研究对象,采用热光反射法研究了不同类型农田土壤(水稻土、红壤、潮土)中黑碳、焦炭、烟炱含量的变化特征,并探讨了影响黑碳、焦炭和烟炱分布的影响因素以及黑碳的可能来源。结果表明,农田土壤中黑碳、焦炭和烟炱含量变幅较大,分别为0.17—3.18 g?kg^(^(-1)),0.03—2.37 g?kg^(-1)和0.09—1.50 g?kg^(-1),平均值分别为0.85 g?kg^(-1),0.45 g?kg^(-1)和0.40 g?kg^(-1)。不同类型土壤中黑碳、焦炭、烟炱含量的大小顺序是:水稻土>红壤>潮土。黑碳占有机碳的比例变化范围在1.45%—26.43%,平均值为6.76%。相关分析结果表明土壤黑碳含量与有机碳、焦炭和烟炱含量之间都呈显著的正相关关系。根据焦炭/烟炱比值分析结果推测农田土壤中的黑碳主要来源于化石燃料燃烧,如工业燃煤及机动车尾气排放等。Background, aim, and scope Black carbon （BC） is a continuum of thermally altered materials produced by incomplete combustion of biomass, biofuels, and fossil fuels. It is found globally in the water, atmosphere, snow, ice, sediments, and soils. BC generally resides in the soil for a long time acting as a long-term C sink, with a potential negative feedback on climate warming. BC is composed of char and soot corresponding to combusted solid residues and clusters of carbon particles formed by gas-phase processes, respectively. Many studies have focused on BC in urban and forestland soils, while little attention is paid to agricultural soils in China. Furthermore, many previous studies did not differentiate between different BC fractions （char and soot） in soils, thereby much important information regarding the sources and environmental behavior of these two major components is missing. In this paper, the variation characteristics of BC, char and soot concentrations in agricultural soils were studied. The impact factor and potential sources of BC were also studied. Materials and methods A total of forty- six topsoil samples （0--20 cm） were collected with steel shovel in farmland from Yangxin County of Hubei Province, central China. The soil types can be classified into three categories： paddy soil, red soil, and fluvo-aquic soil, and the number of soil samples is twenty-three, eighteen, and five, respectively. The concentrations of BC, char and soot in soils were analyzed by thermal optical reflectance method following the IMPROVE A protocol. Total organic carbon （TOC） content was determined using potassium dichromate oxidation method. Results BC, char and soot concentrations in the agricultural soils varied from 0.17 g·kg^-1 to 3.18 g·kg^-1, 0.03 g·kg^-1 to 2.37 g·kg^-1 and 0.09 g·kg^-1 to 1.50 g·kg^-1, with average value of 0.17 g·kg^-1, 0.03 g·kg^-1, and 0.09 g·kg^-1, respectively. The average contents of BC, char and soot in three different types of soils ranked as follows： paddy soi

关 键 词：农田土壤 黑碳 焦炭 烟炱 有机碳 来源 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]