基于CFD坡度隧道火灾烟气蔓延特性模拟研究  

The Simulation Research of Slope Tunnel Fire Characteristics Based on CFD

作　　者：黄洋[1] 张英[1] 陈先锋[1] 牛奕[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2016年第2期33-36,共4页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51404178)

摘　　要：隧道是狭长受限空间的一种,其特殊性导致隧道火灾的危害比一般火灾更大,烟气层的温度以及烟气逆流距离与隧道火灾后果紧密相连。将火风压考虑在内,对坡度隧道火灾过程中烟气逆流距离进行了理论分析,得出烟气逆流距离的理论预测公式。运用CFD软件对不同坡度隧道火灾进行模拟发现坡度越大,温降幅度越大,烟气向上游蔓延的速度越慢,逆流距离越小,因此上游更安全。通过比较逆流距离的理论预测值和模拟值,发现理论值比模拟值偏小,但是两者仍然能够很好的吻合,理论预测公式能够运用于实际火灾中,为消防措施的制定提供一定的参考。As one kind of long and limited space,the tunnel fire does harms more seriously compared to the common fire accident and the consequences of tunnel fire are tightly connected to the temperature and back- flow distance.Considering fire wind pressure,a theoretical study is conducted to predict the back- flow distance in slope tunnel fire process,getting the theoretical forecast formula of back- flow distance. CFD is used to simulate sloping tunnel fires,showing that while the slope increases,the temperature decreases faster,the traveling velocity to upstream becomes smaller,the back- flow distance is shorter,so the upstream is more safe. By comparing theoretical back- flow distance with the simulated one,it is found out that the theoretical value is a little lower than the simulated one,but both can be fitted. The theoretical formula can be applied to predict the back- flow distance in practice,providing some references for the stipulation of fire control measures.

关 键 词：隧道火灾 坡度效应 逆流距离 温度 CFD 

分 类 号：U458[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]