衡阳市学龄前儿童龋齿患病调查及相关因素分析  

Investigation of prevalence and related factors of dental caries in preschool children of Hengyang City

作　　者：黄达[1] 伍守望 贺任飞 粟盛梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学附属中学,湖南长沙410006 [2]南华大学

出　　处：《中国校医》2016年第2期124-125,128,共3页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的调查湖南省衡阳市3~6岁学龄前儿童龋齿患病情况并分析其相关影响因素,为预防和治疗乳牙龋病提供依据。方法对该市2014年9月3所幼儿园随机抽取的720名学龄前儿童进行口腔健康调查,同时以家长问卷调查形式对儿童刷牙情况、甜食摄入情况和口腔检查情况等进行多因素分析。结果衡阳市学龄前儿童龋齿发生率为41.4%,其中,男童患龋率为42.9%,女童为40.1%,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;幼儿患龋率随着年龄增长而逐渐增加,3岁~、4岁~和5~6岁组儿童中龋齿患病率分别为29.9%、42.4%和51.2%,各年龄组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;常吃甜食、少吃甜食与不吃甜食的儿童龋齿发病率分别是57.0%、26.2%和16.8%,各组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;坚持早晚刷牙和定期口腔检查的儿童龋齿发病率远低于未坚持者（P〈0.01）。结论学龄前5~6岁儿童龋齿患病率最高;良好的刷牙和饮食习惯以及定期口腔检查能有效地降低学龄前儿童龋齿的发生。Objective To investigate the incidence of dental caries in 3- 6 year-old preschool children in Hengyang City and explore the related factors, so as to provide the evidence for preventing dental caries in children. Methods A survey on oral health was carried out in 720 preschool children of three kindergartens in September, 2014. At the same time, the factors such as tooth brushing, intake of sweets and oral examination were also investigated by question- naires. Results The rate of dental caries was 41.4% in these preschool children. The rate of dental caries of the boys was 42.9%, while that of the girls was 40.1%, and there was no statistical difference between them （P〉0.05）. The dental caries ratio enhanced with the increase of age （P〈0.05）. The rates of dental caries in 3-, 4-, and 5 to 6-year-old groups were 29.9%, 42.4% and 51.2% respectively, and there were statistical differencesamong three groups. The ratios of＂ dental caries in children who had frequentlyintake of sweets,intake of sweets once in a while,and not intake of sweets were 57.0%, 26.2% and 16.8% respectively （P〈0.05）. Morning-evening tooth brushing and periodic oral examination could efficiently re- duce the ratio of dental caries （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The children of 5 to 6-year-old group have the highest prevalence rate of dental caries.The good food habit, tooth brushing habit and periodic oral examination can efficiently reduce the ratio of dental caries in preschool children.

关 键 词：儿童 学龄前 龋齿/流行病学 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]