体育,如何而来:一个文明史观的考察  

Origin of Sports: A Perspective of History of Civilization

作　　者：刘桂海[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200062

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2016年第1期32-40,45,共10页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(批准号:09BTY008)

摘　　要：体育认识上的歧义源于缺乏对体育本质属性以及演变进程的深入分析。从文明史的视角对体育历史演变进行初步考察,研究认为:1)体育起源必须厘清其社会条件与本质特征,认为狩猎和原始战争是体育起源的直接动因;2)古希腊体育野蛮与暴力与城邦战争直接关联,中世纪体育呈现为从"再现战争"到"模拟战争"再到"表演战争"的文明化历史进程,中世纪体育为近代体育的兴起打下了坚实的基础。体育文明化凸显了人类内在的文明自觉性;3)尽管体育呈现野蛮与暴力形态,但是体育文明化进程中却创造了辉煌的文明成果。进而深入地探究:体育与人类的理性、体育与人类理想追求、体育与社会文明化等,若干社会元素的融入式的进程,以及体育本身发生的深刻变化。The ambiguity of sports cognition is originating from the deficiency of deep analysis on its essential attribute and evolution process. This paper gave a preliminary investigation on historical evolution of sports from the prospective of history of civilization. Conclusions： 1） Based on its social conditions and essential characteristics,the direct motivation of sports was hunting and primitive war. 2） Violent and brutal sports in ancient Greek was directly related to city-states war,then medieval sports was a civilized historical process that evolved from reappear war to simulate war to perform war. Medieval sports laid a sound foundation for the rise of modern sports. Sports civilization had highlighted the internal civilized consciousness of human being. 3） Even sports demonstrated barbarous and violence,sports civilization process had created bright civilizations. This paper analyzed sports and human sense,sports and human pursue ideal,and sports and social civilization. Some social elements added to the process and what sports provide to human civilization also been discussed.

关 键 词：体育起源 体育文明化 古希腊体育 中世纪体育 近代体育 体育本质 

分 类 号：G80[文化科学—运动人体科学]