小学儿童信任倾向的发展特点及其与人格特征的关系  

Development of Trust Propensity in Primary School and its Related Personality

作　　者：徐芬[1] 王珍珍[1] 李欢[1] 马凤玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学心理系,杭州310018

出　　处：《应用心理学》2015年第4期299-307,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31170996)

摘　　要：本研究使用儿童一般性信任信念量表和卡特尔十四种人格因素测验,考察8-12岁小学儿童信任倾向的年龄特点,以及人格特征对其信任倾向的影响。结果显示：（1）三个年龄组儿童之间在信任倾向的发展上存在显著的年龄差异,即随着年龄增长,信任倾向水平越来越高,并且女生的信任倾向要显著高于男生。（2）人格特征各维度与信任倾向之间的偏相关（控制性别）在不同年龄是不同的。随着年龄增长,与信任倾向有显著相关的维度越来越多。即在8岁组中,只有聪慧性与信任倾向有显著的相关。在10岁组中,人格特征中的自律性和紧张性与信任倾向有显著的相关。而在12岁组中,除了自律性和紧张性与信任倾向的相关与10岁组相似外,乐群性、稳定性、兴奋性、轻松性、有恒性、敢为性、敏感性都与信任倾向有显著的相关。（3）通过逐步回归分析发现,8岁组中只有聪慧性对儿童的信任倾向有显著预测作用,10岁组中只有自律性对信任倾向有显著预测作用,而12岁组除了自律性仍有显著作用外,还增加轻松性这一人格特征。Using Children＇s Generalized Trust Beliefs（ CGTB）and Cattell fourteen Personality Factors Questionnaire（ 14PF）,the present study investigated the development of trust propensity and the role of personality in 8- to 12-year-old children. Results indicated that the age-related differences on the trust propensity were significant,children＇s trust propensity gradually increased with age; Also,girls＇ trust propensity was significantly higher than boys＇. Partial correlation analyses（ controlled out of gender） indicated that,trust propensity associated with different dimensions of personality in three age groups. In the 8-year-old group,only Reasoning was related to children＇s trust propensity; in the 10-year-old group,Perfectionism and Tension were related to children＇s trust propensity; in the 12-year-old group,Warmth,Reasoning,Emotional-Stability,Social-Boldness,Sensitivity were all related to children＇s trust propensity. Furthermore,three stepwise regression analyses in each age group indicated,only Reasoning was an significant predictor on 8-year-olds ＇ trust propensity;Perfectionism was an unique significant predictor on10-year-olds ＇ trust propensity; Perfectionism and Relaxation were both significant predictors on 12-year-olds＇ trust propensity.

关 键 词：信任倾向 人格特征 小学儿童 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]