单细胞质谱分析方法研究进展  

Recent advances in mass spectrometry based single cell analysis methods

作　　者：龚晓云[1] 熊行创[2] 张四纯[1] 方向[2] 张新荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学系,北京100084 [2]中国计量科学研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2016年第2期133-152,共20页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21390410,21125525);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB933804);科技部仪器研究专项(2011YQ090005,2012YQ12006003)资助项目

摘　　要：不同的细胞个体之间具有差异性.为了如实地反映细胞在结构和功能上对生物系统的正常运转所起到的作用,就必须从单细胞水平上对细胞中物质的组成和含量进行分析研究.但是单细胞分析研究却由于细胞的极小体积、极多的物质种类、极少的物质含量以及不同物质间显著的浓度差异而一度受阻.质谱是一种很适合于单细胞分析的检测方法,它具有极高的灵敏度、多物质同时检测的能力以及对所感兴趣的分子进行结构鉴定的能力.不同的离子化方法对取样和前处理过程的要求也不同.从某种意义上来说,不同的离子化方法造就了不同的单细胞质谱分析方法.因此,本文从离子化方法学的角度对单细胞质谱分析方法进行了归纳和总结,并进一步讨论了单细胞质谱分析在未来的发展趋势.Biological systems are composed of cells with heterogeneity. To better understand the structural and functional roles that cells play in biological systems,we need to analyze them on an individual basis qualitatively and quantitatively. However,the research of single cell analysis is challenging due to the very small volume of cells,the large numbers of metabolites in cells,the so little amount of materials that could be obtained from an individual cell for detection and the notable concentration differences between different metabolites. Recently,mass spectrometry emerges as a promising tool for single cell analysis due to its high sensitivity and the capability for multi-species detection and molecular structure identification. Considering that different ionization methods require different sampling and pretreatment procedure. In a sense,each ionization method brings about its distinct single cell analysis method. In this review,we summarized recent progresses in mass spectrometry based single cell analysis methods from the perspective of ionization methods,and discussed the development trend of mass spectrometry based single cell analysis methods in the future.

关 键 词：质谱 单细胞分析 离子化 

分 类 号：Q2-33[生物学—细胞生物学] O657.63[理学—分析化学]