需求信息不对称下存在直销模式的产能管理研究  

Capacity Management with Direct Selling Demand under Asymmetric Demand Information

作　　者：谢文明[1,2] 江志斌[1,2] 储熠冰[1,2] 王康周[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学中美物流研究院,上海200030 [2]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院工业工程与物流系,上海200240

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2016年第1期197-204,共8页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(70932004);博士点基金项目(20090073110035);上海市教委2009年度科研创新重点项目(09ZZ19)

摘　　要：研究了如何保证可靠的预测信息在供应商和分销商组成的供应链中进行共享的问题。为了改善传统供应链绩效,将直销市场引入供应链。为解决多销售渠道的能力计划与分配问题,提出了两阶段决策制定机制,并证明了最优解属性。信息更新前,供应商设计了产能预定合同,通过提前预定产能激励具有信息优势的分销商向供应商传递真实的市场需求信息;信息更新后,为实现利润最大化,供应商重新设计了四种产能分配策略。最后,对各种决策模型进行了计算和仿真,验证了信息不对称条件下带有直销市场的两阶段决策机制的有效性。Capacity planning plays an important role in the strategic decision making process for many companies. Its applications can be found in many industries, including communication networks, electric utilities, service, electronic goods and semiconductor industries. In all of these applications, building manufacturing capacity requires the commitment of substantial capital resources over a long period of time. Furthermore, multi-channel distribution and uncertainties in the long range forecasts for cost and demand in supply chain make these decision problems extremely complex. We use an actual case to explain the complexity. We study the problem of assuring credible forecast information sharing between a supplier and a distributor. In order to improve supply chain performance, direct selling market is introduced to the supply chain. A corresponding two-stage decision-making mechanism is proposed to solve capacity planning and distribution problems in tbe multi-channel supply chain. Before the demand information is obtained, capacity reservation contract is designed, which enables distributors to share private demand information with suppliers via reserve capacity. After the demand information is updated, four capacity allocation polices are identified to maximize the profit of suppliers. Different from literatures on information sharing in supply chains that has focused primarily on statistic and symmetric information with single distribution channel, we propose capacity planning and allocation problems with asymmetric information and nmlti-channel distribution. The supply chain follows the pattern of decentralized supply chains under information asymmetry. Thus, there are serious double-marginal and bullwhip effect in the supply chain. In this research, we investigate the efficiency of capacity reservation contract within a simple supply chain with direct selling channels. We study capacity planning as well as distribution of updated information. A two-stage decision-making mechanism is developed to improve manufa

关 键 词：信息不对称 信息更新 直销市场 机制设计 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]