Actin Aggregations Mark the Sites of Neurite Initiation  

作　　者：Shu-Xin Zhang Li-Hui Duan Hong Qian Xiang Yu 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Neuroscience,State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Scienceand Intelligence Technology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China [2]University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]Department of Applied Mathematics,University ofWashington,Seattle,Washington 98195,USA

出　　处：《Neuroscience Bulletin》2016年第1期1-15,共15页神经科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：the ION Optical Imaging Core Facility for technical support;the IOBS-Nikon Biological Imaging Center for use of the N-SIM microscope;supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31125015 and31321091)

摘　　要：A salient feature of neurons is their intrinsic ability to grow and extend neurites, even in the absence of external cues. Compared to the later stages of neuronal development, such as neuronal polarization and dendrite morphogenesis, the early steps of neuritogenesis remain relatively unexplored. Here we showed that redistribution of cortical actin into large aggregates preceded neuritoge- nesis and determined the site of neurite initiation. Enhancing actin polymerization by jasplakinolide treat- ment effectively blocked actin redistribution and neurite initiation, while treatment with the actin depolymerizing agents latrunculin A or cytochalasin D accelerated neurite formation. Together, these results demonstrate a critical role of actin dynamics and reorganization in neurite initi- ation. Further experiments showed that microtubule dynamics and protein synthesis are not required for neurite initiation, but are required for later neurite stabilization. The redistribution of actin during early neuronal develop- ment was also observed in the cerebral cortex and hip- pocampus in vivo.A salient feature of neurons is their intrinsic ability to grow and extend neurites, even in the absence of external cues. Compared to the later stages of neuronal development, such as neuronal polarization and dendrite morphogenesis, the early steps of neuritogenesis remain relatively unexplored. Here we showed that redistribution of cortical actin into large aggregates preceded neuritoge- nesis and determined the site of neurite initiation. Enhancing actin polymerization by jasplakinolide treat- ment effectively blocked actin redistribution and neurite initiation, while treatment with the actin depolymerizing agents latrunculin A or cytochalasin D accelerated neurite formation. Together, these results demonstrate a critical role of actin dynamics and reorganization in neurite initi- ation. Further experiments showed that microtubule dynamics and protein synthesis are not required for neurite initiation, but are required for later neurite stabilization. The redistribution of actin during early neuronal develop- ment was also observed in the cerebral cortex and hip- pocampus in vivo.

关 键 词：Neurite initiation NEURITOGENESIS Actinaggregations - Actin - Microtubules 

分 类 号：R338[医药卫生—人体生理学]