规范判断的特征与功能  

The Characteristics and Functions of Normative Judgment

作　　者：徐梦秋[1] 杨松[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学哲学系

出　　处：《中国人民大学学报》2016年第2期51-57,共7页Journal of Renmin University of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"调整人与自然关系规范的系统性研究"(11BZX027);教育部人文社会科学基金项目"语言分析与规范判断"(12YJC720048)

摘　　要：事实判断以事实为描述对象,其语气是直陈的,具有真或假的特征。价值判断可分为评价判断与规范判断。评价判断直接反映主体与客体之间的价值关系这一价值事实,其语气可能是直陈的,也可能是感叹的。相对于特定的主体,直陈的评价判断也具有真或假的特征,而感叹的评价判断则无真假之分,只有真诚与否的差别。规范判断不直接描述价值事实,其语气是祈使性的,只有合理不合理之分而无真假、真诚不真诚之分。规范判断具有提供关于行动的知识、引导主体行为、表达态度或者情感、建构和维持社会共同体的功能。The factual judgment whose tone is indicative describes ＂fact＂ and has the feature of ＂true/false＂.Value judgment can be divided into evaluative and normative kind.The evaluative judgment reflects on＂value fact＂directly which means the value relationship between subject and object.Its tone can be indicative or emotive.For specific subject,indicative kind has the feature of＂true/false＂,while emotive one is only distinguished by whether expressed sincerely or not.Normative judgment does not tell ＂value fact＂ directly.It is imperative or introductory and does not have the feature of ＂true/false＂,sincere or not,but only reasonable or not.In general,normative judgment has functions of providing knowledge about action,guiding concrete behavior,expressing emotion,and constructing and maintaining social community.

关 键 词：事实判断 价值判断 评价判断 规范判断 

分 类 号：D924.393[政治法律—刑法学]