动画速度和学习者经验对多媒体学习的影响  

The Effect of Animation's Presentation Speed and Learner's Prior Knowledge on Multimedia Learning

作　　者：钱莹莹[1,2] 王福兴[1,2] 段朝辉 周宗奎[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室 [2]华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2016年第2期191-197,共7页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目"经验对多媒体学习中图-文整合过程的影响"(31300864);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(CCNU15Z02004)资助

摘　　要：以往研究显示,动画教学的效果很可能受到学习者先前知识经验与动画速度的影响。研究选取高经验和低经验的学习者,操纵动画播放速度为快、中和慢三个水平,利用眼动仪记录学习过程中的注意,探讨学习者经验和动画速度对学习效果和注意分配的影响。结果发现,在即时测验上,学习者经验和动画速度没有交互作用;在延迟测验上,低经验者在快速下成绩优于中速;高经验者对图片注视时间长于低经验者。研究认为,在即时测验上,学习者的经验水平不会影响动画速度的教学效果;在延迟测验上,低经验者在快速呈现动画时学习效果更好,学习者经验和动画速度对学习效果的影响更可能随着时间推移体现出来;基于整体型学习材料,高经验者比低经验者更关注图片。Previous studies showed that multimedia learning effect were likely to be influenced by learner＇s prior knowledge and animation＇s speed. This study presented fast,normal,and slow animated learning materials to learners with high prior knowledge（ HPK） and low prior knowledge（ LPK） while recording their eye movements with an eye tracker. The results showed that there were no interaction on immediate tests,while the LPK perform better under fast than normal condition on delayed test. Eye-movement data indicated that the HPK fixated longer than the LPK on the picture AOI（ Area of Interest）. It suggests that learner＇s prior knowledge wouldn＇t affect the instructional effect of animation＇s speed on immediate test. The LPK performed better under fast condition on delayed test,which shows the multimedia learning effect affected by learner＇s prior knowledge and animation＇s speed can be tested over time. The HPK pay more attention to picture than the LPK in the overall learning material.

关 键 词：先验知识 动画速度 多媒体学习 眼动 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]