复合有机肥对烤烟淀粉生物合成的影响  

Effect of compound organic fertilizer on starch biosynthesis in flue-cured tobacco leaves

作　　者：杨胜男[1] 张洪映[1] 连文力 牛德新[1] 崔红[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化基地,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2016年第1期64-70,共7页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：中国烟草总公司特色优质烟叶开发重大专项(110200902045TS-01)

摘　　要：为探讨复合有机肥(生物炭占30%,草炭占70%)对烤烟烟叶淀粉合成代谢途径的影响,采用田间试验方法,比较不同施用量下烤烟云烟87叶片超微结构差异、淀粉积累规律以及淀粉合成关键酶基因的表达规律。结果表明:添加复合有机肥有利于叶片细胞中淀粉粒的积累,随着施用量的增加,淀粉粒数目增多、体积变大;总淀粉和支链淀粉含量相应增加,直链淀粉含量反而减少,淀粉组分显著改变;淀粉合成关键酶基因的表达变化与淀粉含量变化一致,颗粒结合型淀粉合成酶基因(GBSS1)的表达随复合有机肥的施用量增加而减弱,可溶性淀粉合成酶基因(SS1)的表达随复合有机肥的施用量增加而增强。由此可见复合有机肥可增加淀粉的积累并改变淀粉组分。Effect of compound organic fertilizer（biochar 30% and peat 70%） on starch biosynthesis in flue-cured tobacco was investigated through field experiment. Characters such as ultrastructure of starch granule, starch accumulation in leaves were measured and the expression levels of starch biosynthesis-related genes were compared using tobacco variety Yunyan87. Results showed that applying compound organic fertilizer could markedly promote accumulation of starch granule in tobacco leaves. The number of starch granules increased and the volume became larger with the increase of application amount. Compound organic fertilizer could change starch components, i.e. total starch and amylopectin content increased, while amylose content decreased. Expression level of starch biosynthesis-related genes is in line with changes of starch content. The expression of granule bound starch synthase gene（GBSS1） weakened with increased application of compound organic fertilizer, while the expression of soluble starch synthase gene（SS1） enhanced. It was concluded that compound organic fertilizer can increase content of starch and change its composition.

关 键 词：烤烟 有机肥 淀粉 淀粉粒超微结构 生物炭和草炭 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]