微生物肥料替代部分化学肥料对玉米生长及品质的影响  

Effect of chemical fertilizer partlyreplaced bymicrobial fertilizer on maize growth and quality

作　　者：陈龙[1] 姚拓[1] 柴强[2] 康文娟[1] 安雅君 荣良燕 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省草原技术推广总站,甘肃兰州730046

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2016年第1期20-25,30,共7页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BADl4810);甘肃省农牧厅生物技术专项(GNSW-2014-28)资助

摘　　要：试验在甘肃河西绿洲灌区,利用微生物肥料替代部分化学肥料,研究其对玉米生长及品质的影响。结果表明,与不施肥料处理(E)相比,85%化学肥料+菌肥处理显著提高了玉米在收获期的农艺性状和产量构成,使株高、地上生物量、百粒质量、穗重分别达到358.32cm、1019.63g、39.68g、369.50g;使玉米的经济产量和干草产量显著上升,分别增加了21.6%和27.6%;使玉米的粗蛋白含量(7.63%)和可溶性糖含量(2.43%)达到最高,分别增加了10.2%和73.5%。经济产量、干草产量和粗蛋白含量与全量化学肥料(A)处理相比分别增加了1.5%,1.5%和2.8%;可溶性糖含量与全量化学肥料处理(A)和减量化学肥料15%处理(B1)差异显著,分别增加41.2%和3.2%。酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维的含量与不施肥处理(E)相比显著下降。微生物肥料替代15%化学肥料对玉米的生长及品质影响与当地最佳施肥水平无显著差异,即利用微生物肥料替代15%化学肥料是可行的,同时可以提高玉米产量,改善营养品质。Effects of chemical fertilizer partly replaced by microbial fertilizer on the growth and quality of maize were studied by conducting a field experiment in the oasis irrigation area in Hexi of Gansu province,and the agronomic traits,yield component,yield and nutritive quality were determined.Result showed that significantly enhanced agronomic traits,yield component,economic and biological yield,and the highest content of crude protein（7.63%）and soluble sugar（2.43%）were achieved in the treatment of 85% chemical fertilizer ＋microbial fertilizer.The height,aboveground biomass,hundred-grain weight and panicle weight of maize in the harvest stage were 358.32 cm,1019.63 g,39.68 g and 369.50 g respectively.In the treatment of 85% chemical fertilizer＋ microbial fertilizer,economic yield,biological yield,content of crude protein and soluble sugar were1.5%,1.5%,2.8% and 41.2% higher than that in no fertilization treatment（E）,and were 21.6%,27.6%,10.2%and 7 3.5%higher than that in complete fertilization treatment（A）,respectively;Also,soluble sugar content in this treatment had a significant increase（3.2%）compared to that in 15% chemical fertilizer＋ microbial fertilizer treatment（B1）.While the content of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber had a significant decrease.There is no significant difference between the effect of microbial fertilizer replacing 15% of chemical fertilizer and that of local best fertilization level（100%chemical fertilizer）on maize growth and quality.It is feasible to replace 15% of chemical fertilizer with microbial fertilizer which can improve maize yield and nutritive quality as well.

关 键 词：玉米 促生菌(PGPR) 化学肥料 营养品质 

分 类 号：S143.93[农业科学—肥料学] S144[农业科学—农业基础科学]