单一、混合类运动干预方案对中小学生身心健康影响的实验研究  

An Experimental Study on the Effects of Single and Mixed Types of Exercise Programs on the Physical and Mental Health of Primary and Middle School Students

作　　者：张磊[1] 宋湘勤[2] 胡惕[2] 潘家礼[2,3] 杜吟[2] 崔蕾[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学体育部,北京100872 [2]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100875 [3]四川文理学院体育学院,四川635000

出　　处：《南京体育学院学报（社会科学版）》2016年第1期107-116,共10页Journal of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education

基　　金：全国教育科学"十一五"规划教育部重点课题(编号:DLA100338)

摘　　要：研究目的:旨在比较单一类和混合类运动干预方案对中小学生身心健康发展的影响,为学校针对性、高效的开展课外活动提供参考依据和方案借鉴。研究方法:选取北京市1279名中小学生为研究对象,采用实验法、问卷调查法、测量法等方法进行研究。结果发现:(1)小学"花样跑步"单一方案有助于改善身体形态,促进心肺功能,提高肌肉耐力等体质健康指标;小学"8字跑+武术+跳绳"混合方案,不仅有助于改善身体形态,提升肺活量,提高下肢爆发力和肌肉耐力等体质健康指标,而且有助于心理健康的提升。并且,小学两种方案相比,混合方案对学生心理健康的促进作用更好;(2)初中"跑步"单一方案有助于改善身体形态,提升肺活量,提高下肢爆发力、身体柔韧性、灵敏性等体质健康指标,有助于心理健康的提升。初中"跑步+篮球"混合方案,有助于改善身体形态,提升肺活量,促进上肢力量、腰腹力量、身体柔韧性和肌肉耐力。初中两种方案相比,混合方案对学生心理健康的促进作用更好。This project aims to compare the effects of single exercise programs with those of mixed ones on primary and middle school students＇ physical and mental health and provide reference data and programs for efficient and specific extracurricular activities. We selected 1279 Beijing primary and middle school students as research subjects. We used experiments,questionnaires and measurement in the study and reached the following results.（ 1） The primary school single program＂figure running＂improved body shaping,physical function,and muscular endurance. The primary school mixed program＂running,martial arts and rope skipping＂improved body shaping,vital capacity index,leg explosive force and muscular endurance. Furthermore,the mixed program was helpful to the improvement of mental health,to a higher degree than the single program.（ 2）The middle school＂single running＂program improved body shaping and vital capacity,leg explosive force,body flexibility and body sensitivity. It proved helpful to the improvement of mental health. The mixed program＂running and basketball＂for middle school students improved body shaping,vital capacity,upper limb strength,waist abdominal strength,body flexibility andmuscular endurance,manifesting a better impact on. students＇ mental health than the single program.

关 键 词：中小学生 身心健康 单一方案 混合方案 实验研究 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]