中比例尺土地覆盖遥感制图质量的野外验证与评价——以河南省为例  

Field Validation and Evaluation for Accuracy of Medium Scale Land Cover Remote Sensing Mapping in Henan Province

作　　者：侯鹏敏 廖顺宝[1,2,3] 姬广兴[1,2] 岳艳琳 杨旭[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学环境与规划学院,河南开封475004 [2]黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,河南开封475004 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《河南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第2期139-148,共10页Journal of Henan University:Natural Science

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201209030);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050000)

摘　　要：精确的土地覆盖数据是进行资源环境研究的重要基础,而土地覆盖数据的精度分析是数据应用的前提与保证.通过对河南省的实地考察,选择114个野外考察样点,将样点实际土地覆盖类型与制图中相应土地覆盖类型进行对照,采用分级计分方法,评价全国1∶25万土地覆盖遥感制图在该地区的制图质量.评价结果表明该数据集在河南省范围内的总体制图精度为74.56%.除森林、草地大类精度略低于60%以外,农田、聚落及湿地水体制图精度都较高,其中农田正确率达到90%.实地考察发现,2005年左右的全国1∶25万土地覆盖遥感制图基本反映了河南省土地覆盖的区域分布状况,在大中尺度区域性研究中具有较高的应用价值.总结了基于中比例尺土地覆盖制图考察时需要考虑的不同情况,以期为今后相似研究工作提供参考.Accurate land cover data is an important foundation for resource and environmental studies. Accuracy analysis of land cover data is the premise and guarantee of data application. From 2007 to 2009, two periods of map of land cover in China at a scale of 1 ： 250 000 respectively in the 1980s and 2005 were produced jointly by eight institutes of Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS）, including Institute of Remote Sensing Applications and Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research. We carried out a field survey to evaluate accuracy of the land cover remote sensing mapping of 2005 in Henan province. 114 sampling sites of land cover categories were collected to compare the actual categories of land cover in field with those in the 1 ： 250 000 map using hierarchical scoring method at two levels, i.e. level-1 and level-2 land cover category, respectively. The results from verification showed that overall accuracy of data based on 114 sampling sites was 74.56%. In addition to the fact that the accuracies of the forest and grassland were slightly lower than 60%, the mapping accuracies of farmland, settlement and wetland water were relatively higher, where farmland accuracy reached up to 90%. The conclusion was drawn that the dataset of land cover at scale of 1 ： 250 000 in 2005 generally reflected regional distribution regularity of land cover in Henan province, and still had a high value in large and medium scale regional studies. This paper also summarized different situations which need to be considered in medium scale land cover mapping survey, with a view to provide reference for similar work in the future.

关 键 词：土地覆盖 遥感 制图精度 河南省 野外考察 质量评价 

分 类 号：P904[天文地球—自然地理学]