菊芋对酸铝复合胁迫的生理响应  

Physiological Responses of Helianthus tuberosus to Acid-aluminum Stress

作　　者：曹林[1,2] 马丽[1] 吴玉环[3] 李学良[1] 郭怡[1] 章艺[4] 郦枫 徐根娣[1,2] 刘鹏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学植物学实验室,浙江金华321004 [2]浙江师范大学生态研究所,浙江金华321004 [3]杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江杭州310036 [4]浙江旅游职业学院,浙江杭州311231

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第2期233-240,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41541049;41461010;30540056);浙江省自然科学基金项目(5100390)

摘　　要：以耐铝性的南京菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus L.)和铝敏感的资阳菊芋为试验材料,在土培条件下,研究了酸铝复合胁迫对菊芋幼苗根系生长、叶片光合特性、抗氧化酶活性、可溶性糖和MDA含量的影响。结果表明:溶液的p H值和铝浓度的变化对菊芋生理有明显的影响,最低浓度的铝处理在不同p H条件下已经影响了菊芋的正常生长。和对照组相比,菊芋的根长明显受到抑制,但变化幅度不大;叶绿素含量、最大光能转换效率(F_v/F_m)、最大荧光产量(F_m)及电子转移速率(ETR)显著降低,而根系活力、SOD、POD和CAT则呈现相反的变化趋势。南京菊芋受抑制程度明显小于资阳菊芋,显示出两个菊芋品种的耐铝性差异,初始荧光(F_0)、可溶性糖以及MDA含量均上升,qP和qN出现相反的变化趋势。随着铝浓度处理的升高,菊芋的各项生理指标较对照组差异性加大;同一铝浓度下,与pH 5相比,pH 4处理菊芋根系活力升高,叶绿素a含量降低,F_0增大,可溶性糖含量下降,SOD及MDA含量上升;不同铝胁迫下,菊芋体内各个生理指标变化有显著差异性,随着铝浓度增加,根系活力和抗氧化酶活性也上升,可能是菊芋体内抗氧化酶系统及根尖吸收机制对缓解酸铝胁迫起着重要作用。通过灰色关联度分析,与菊芋耐酸铝性关系最密切的指标是叶绿素qN,其次是ETR、MDA和F_v/F_m。A solution culture experiment was conducted to study the effects on root growth, leaf photosynthetic characters,antioxidant enzyme activities, soluble sugar, and MDA content of two Helianthus tuberosus, Nanjing （aluminum tolerance genotype）and Ziyang （aluminum sensitivity genotype）, under acid-aluminum stress. The result showed that the pH of solution andconcentration of aluminum had distinct effects on physiology of Helianthus tuberosus. The normal growth of Helianthus tuberosuswas affected by different pH ever under the minimal aluminum concentration. Compared with the control group, root length ofHelianthus tuberosus was significantly inhibited, but there was little difference between the two genotypes. Root activity increased,while chlorophyll content, maximum energy conversion efficiency （Fv/Fm）, and electron transport rate were significantly decreasedin both genotypes of Helianthus tuberosus. SOD, POD, and CAT activity showed opposite trends. The inhibition on Helianthustuberosus （Ziyang） was significantly less than that of Helianthus tuberosus （Nanjing）, indicating the differences between the twogenotypes in aluminum tolerance. Initial flurescence （F0）, soluble sugar, and MDA content were increased, while qP and qN showedopposite trends. With the increasing of aluminum concentration, the differences of physiological indicators between aluminumtreated group and control group of Helianthus tuberosus increased. Under the same concentration of aluminum, the root activityincreased, chlorophyll a decreased, F0 increased, soluble sugar content decreased, SOD activity and MDA content increased when itwas under pH4 compared to pH5. Under different aluminum concentration, the physiological indicators of Helianthus tuberosus weresignificantly different. Roots activity and antioxidant enzyme activity were raised with increasing aluminumconcentration. It can be deduced that the antioxidant enzyme system and root absorption mechanism played an important role inrelieving acid and aluminum stress.

关 键 词：菊芋 酸铝胁迫 光合特性 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学] Q945.78[生物学—植物学]