西北农村社区服务是以居民的需求为本吗?——基于西北18个农村社区的个案考察  

Is the Community Service in Northwestern Rural Areas Oriented Towards the Needs of Local Residents?——A Survey Based on 18 Rural Communities

作　　者：王英[1] 陈文江[1] 张咏梅[1] 王小波[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学哲学社会学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]天津社会科学院社会学所,天津300000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第1期119-127,共9页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(10YJC840073);甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目(14YB008)

摘　　要：以居民的需求为本是社区服务的目标定位。西北农村社区服务要实现以居民的需求为本,既要面对中国社会发展的特殊背景、制度体制、城乡、地域差距等宏观议题,又要结合西北农村社区自身所处的自然环境、人口特点、生产生活传统等特殊差异。文章基于需求理论,以2010-2014年追踪调研的资料为依据,定性分析了西北农村社区服务是否以居民的需求为本及其背后的逻辑。研究结果表明:目前低保等基本公共服务成效较为显著,但满足社区养老、留守儿童照顾支持、生计发展等基本需求的服务仍迟滞不前;现有服务是关怀取向和"补缺型"的。今后应开展照顾和发展性质的服务,建构居民的主体性,激活社区资产和优势,改善居民生活福祉,促进社区可持续发展。To serve the residents is the essence of community services.To achieve this goal,community services in northwestern rural areas have to face macro issues,such as the particular background of the development of Chinese society,institutional systems,gaps between urban and rural areas,and regional differences;in addition,they also have to cope with special problems,such as the natural environment of northwestern rural areas,population characteristics,production activities,and living traditions.Based on demand theory and using the data collected in 2010-2014,a qualitative analysis is done regarding whether community services in northwestern rural areas have satisfied the demand of the local residents and what might be the reason behind.The result shows that currently services such as providing basic living allowance have been completed quite well;however,other services such as taking care of the senior citizens and left-behind children and the development of livelihood are still stagnant.The existing service is more policy-oriented or ＂vacancy＂ filling-up.In the future more effort should be made in the supplement of specific caring services and the development of services in need,so that the subjectivity of the residents will be strengthened,the community assets and advantages will be activated,the residents＇ well-being will be improved,and the sustainable development of the community will be promoted.

关 键 词：中国 西北地区 社区服务 需求为本 主体性 

分 类 号：G728[文化科学—成人教育学]