结肠息肉的临床和病理特点分析  

Clinical and pathology characteristics of colorectal polyps

作　　者：卢枚[1] 王燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学附属医院,贵州贵阳550004 [2]贵州医科大学附属贵州省肿瘤医院,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《中国医刊》2016年第3期53-56,共4页Chinese Journal of Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨结肠镜下发现大肠息肉的相关危险因素和病理特征,为预防大肠息肉发生以及癌变提供依据。方法对2014年1~11月于贵州医科大学附属医院内镜中心行结肠镜检查的患者进行统一调查问卷,选用χ2检验及非条件Logistic回归分析结果。结果大肠息肉中男性多于女性;50岁以上多发;息肉组的体重指数（body mass index,BMI）高于对照组;高脂血症史（OR=1.578）、慢性阑尾炎或阑尾切除史（OR=2.638）、慢性胆囊炎或胆囊切除史（OR=3.196）、一级亲属肿瘤史（OR=3.860）和喜欢吃肉类（OR=3.366）能增加息肉的风险;常吃蔬菜（OR=0.355）和常吃水果（OR=0.181）为息肉的保护因素。大肠息肉分布为左半结肠47.9%,右半结肠52.1%。腺瘤性占73.0%。息肉直径〈2.0cm的未发生癌变,≥2.0cm的息肉中3枚发生癌变。结论男性、50岁以上、高BMI、高脂血症、相关疾病、不良饮食习惯为大肠息肉的危险因素;直径〉0.5cm的腺瘤性息肉易癌变,需积极行内镜下治疗。Objective Investigated the risk factors and pathological characteristics of the large intestinal polyps found under colonoscope,which could provide a scientific basis for precaution the occurrence and canceration of the large intestinal polyps.Method Patients who would be accepted electronic colonoscopy at the The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University were investigated with an uniform questionnaire during January of 2014 to November of 2014,the results of investigation were analyzed with χ^2 test,and the nonconditional logistic regression analysis.Result Male,more than 50 years old were in high incidence of colorectal polyps,patients of polyps group had higher BMI,histories of hyperlipidemia,histories of chronic appendicitis or appendectomy,histories of chronic cholecystitis cholecystectomy,first-degree relative with cancer and eating over meat could increase the risk of colorectal polyps（OR=1.578;OR=2.638;OR=3.196;OR=3.860;OR=3.366）,eating more vegetables and more fruits is a protective factor of the large intestinal polyps（OR=0.355;OR=0.181）.Polyps were located at left colon 47.9%,right colon 52.1%.The pathology were predominantly adenomatous polyps（73.0%）.Polyps with a diameter〈2.0cm had not carcinogenesis changes,among polyps with a diameter ≥2.0cm,three polyps had carcinogenesis changes.Conclusion Males,≥50 years old,high BMI,hyperlipidemia,related diseases,poor eating habit is a risk factors of the large intestinal polyps,adenomatous polyps〉0.5cm in diameter are liable to canceration.All the colorectal polyps should be excised.

关 键 词：大肠息肉 危险因素 保护因素 病理学 

分 类 号：R574.62[医药卫生—消化系统]