城市和农村子宫颈癌住院患者临床特点及筛查作用探讨  

Clinical characteristic changes of urban and rural hospitalized patients with cervical cancer and influence of cervical cancer screening program

作　　者：陶霞[1] 胡君[1] 温宏武[1] 史阳阳[1] 刘梦然[1] 李雪迎[2] 任幼军[1] 张冬[1] 王思齐[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院妇产科,100034 [2]北京大学第一医院医学统计室,100034

出　　处：《中国妇产科临床杂志》2016年第2期114-118,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology

摘　　要：目的探讨近10年来城市和农村宫颈癌住院患者临床特点的变化。方法收集2005年1月至2014年12月在北京大学第一医院妇产科住院的718例宫颈癌患者,按常住地分为城市和农村患者,按入院时间分为2005-2009年组和2010-2014年组,比较发病年龄、结婚年龄、初产年龄、孕产次、是否体检发现和临床分期等临床特点。结果城市患者平均发病年龄[(46.9±9.9)岁]、结婚年龄[(23.6±2.9)岁]和初产年龄[(25.0±3.2)岁]均大于农村[(45.2±9.2)岁、(22.0±2.5)岁和(23.2±2.8)岁]患者(P<0.05)。在城市中,23.7%(112/473)的患者体检发现,而农村中仅14.3%(35/245),两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。"两癌筛查"开展后,农村2010-2014年和2005-2009年患者因症状就诊(40.3%,30.4%)和IB及以上各期宫颈癌(38.5%,29.6%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。城市患者中前三位是北京市(201例)、内蒙古自治区(72例)和河北省(61例),农村患者中前三位是北京市(58例)、河北省(55例)和内蒙古自治区(35例)。结论城市宫颈癌患者的早婚、早育、多产等高危因素均低于农村患者,通过体检发现比例高于农村患者。"两癌筛查"开展后,因症状就诊和IB期以上农村宫颈癌患者显著增加。Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristic changes of urban and rural hospitalized patients with cervical cancerthe recent 10 years.Method 718 patients diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer and hospitalized at Peking University First Hospital from January 2005 to December 2014 were included.Patients were divided into two groups according to residency status of urban or rural area and admission time of 2005-2009 or 2010-2014 separately,comparing the clinical characteristics.Result The case numbers of urban and rural cervical cancer had been both significantly increased during recent ten years.The mean age of diagnosis,age of marriage and age of primiparity were older in the urban residents group than in the rural inhabitant group.The patients from urban area had fewer times of gravidity and parity than patients from rural area.23.7percent of patients from urban area were diagnosed via screening,which was significantly higher than the rural patients.When compared between 2005—2009and 2010—2014groups,the percentage of rural patients significantly increased at marriage age and primiparity age over 20 years old,the diagnosed via symptom and FIGO stage IB and above.The top three of urban patients were from Beijing,Inner Mongolia and He Bei Province and of rural patients were from Beijing,He Bei Province and Inner Mongolia.Conclusions Patients from Urban area showed better data in terms of early marriage,early delivery and multi-parity than patients from rural area.The percentage of diagnosis via screening was significantly higher in patients from urban area.The percentage of rural patients diagnosed via symptoms and above FIGO stage IB were significantly increased since the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening program was launched.

关 键 词：子宫颈癌 城市 农村 两癌筛查 临床特点 

分 类 号：R737.33[医药卫生—肿瘤]