明清时期晋陕蒙毗邻地区洪涝灾害研究  

Flood disasters in Jin-Shan-Meng adjacent area during Ming and Qing dynasties

作　　者：李慧芳[1] 殷淑燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,西安710062

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2016年第3期158-163,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471071;41371029;41271108);教育部博士点基金优先发展领域项目(20110202130002);中央高校基本科研业务费创新团队项目(GK201301003)资助

摘　　要：通过对明清时期(1368AD-1911AD)晋陕蒙毗邻地区历史资料的搜集整理,统计分析了该地区洪涝灾害的时空分布特征。结果表明:近544a间,晋陕蒙毗邻地区共发生洪涝灾害200次,其中小水灾、中水灾、大水灾和特大水灾,分别占洪涝灾害总数的18.50%,41.00%,31.50%,10.00%,各级涝灾分别存在5a左右,20a左右,30a左右,60a左右的周期。在时间分布上,洪涝灾害发生频率的变化呈波动上升趋势,大致可分为3个阶段,灾害少发期-稳定增加期-快速增加期,且集中发生在夏秋季节(6-8月份)。在空间分布上,区域内洪灾空间分布差异明显,洪灾发生频次北部地区少于南部地区,东部地区少于西部地区,存在以榆林地区为中心的高频区域和以准格尔旗为中心的低频区域。The historical data about flood disasters in Jin- Shan- Meng adjacent area during Ming and Qing dynasties（ 1368AD- 1911AD） was collected,reorganized and analyzed. The results showed that during the past 544 years,the flood disasters mainly occurred 200 times in Jin- Shan- Meng adjacent area. The flood disasters were divided into 4 classes,mild,middle,great and serious floods,and each class accounted for 18. 50%,40. 50%,31. 00% and 10. 00% in the total numbers of floods,and the period of each class had quasi- periods of 5a,20 a,30a and 60 a,respectively. On the temporal distribution,the floods showed an increasing trend,and could be broadly divided into three stages. Disasters less stage- steady increase stage- the rapid increase stage. The floods were more concentrated in the summer and autumn（ June to August）. On the spatial distribution,flood disasters varied significantly at spatial scale,in which the flood disasters in the north was less than in the south,and in the east was less than in the west. There was a high- frequency center in Yulin and a low- frequency center in Jungar Banner.

关 键 词：明清时期 洪涝灾害 时间特征 空间特征 晋陕蒙毗邻地区 

分 类 号：P426.616[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]