食物源nC_(60)损害斑马鱼脑、鳃、肾和肝胰腺正常机能  

The Dietary Uptake of Nanocrystals(nC_(60)) Decreases the Functions of Gill,Kidney and Hepatopancreas of Zebrafish( Danio rerio)

作　　者：陶贤继[1] 黎翠兰[1] 刘冬雨[1] 魏华[2] 何义亮[3] 吕为群[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院上海海洋大学水产动物遗传与育种中心,上海201306 [2]上海农林职业技术学院,上海201699 [3]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2015年第6期181-190,共10页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41272381);国家海洋局公益项目(201505034);上海市知识服务平台上海海洋大学水产动物遗传与育种中心(ZF1206)

摘　　要：水体中稳定存在的富勒烯纳米晶体(nC_(60))可被浮游动物滤食,并通过食物链传递到更高营养级生物。为探究食物源nC_(60)的生物效应,本试验选取携带nC_(60)的大型溞喂养斑马鱼21 d,考察了食物源nC_(60)对斑马鱼脑、鳃、肾和肝胰腺4个器官中ROS、Na^+K^+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)和谷草转氨酶(GOT)活性等指标,用以评价食物源nC_(60)对斑马鱼的机能影响。暴露于食物源nC_(60)下的结果表明:斑马鱼脑ROS随时间增加而增加,暴露21 d后增加了79.17%。鳃、肾Na^+K^+-ATPase活性随暴露时间增加而降低,暴露21 d后分别降低了47.09%和51.07%;鳃、肾Ca2+-ATPase活性随暴露时间增加而减少,暴露21 d后分别降低了28.28%和35.13%。鳃、肾、肝胰腺AKP活性随时间增加而增加,暴露21 d后分别增加45.97%、26.68%和83.01%;鳃、肾、肝胰腺ACP活性随时间增加而增加,暴露21 d后分别增加38.85%、84.12%和55.77%。肝胰腺GPT和GOT活性随时间增加而降低,暴露21 d后各降低了50.05%和76.50%。本研究不但阐述了食物源nC_(60)降低高一级水生动物(斑马鱼)脑、鳃、肾和肝胰腺的正常机能,而且为进一步研究食物源nC_(60)对水生生物的生态毒理提供了部分基础数据。Aqueous stable fullerene nanocrystals（nC_（60）） can be filtered by zooplanktons, and sequentially transferred to upper trophic level organisms. To investigate the dietary biological effects of nC_（60）, Daphnia magna with cumulatednC_（60） were fed to zebrafish for 21 d. The reactive oxygen species（ROS）, Na~＋-K~＋-ATPase, Ca2 ＋-ATPase, alkali phosphatase（AKP）, acid phosphatase（ACP）, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase（GPT）, and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase（GOP） were measured in the brain, gills, kidney, and hepatopancreas to investigate the dietary effects on zebrafish organs. The dietary exposure results indicated that dietary nC_（60） increased the ROS production in brain tissues with increasing experimental time, and finally increased by 79.17%. The Na~＋-K~＋-ATPase activities in the gills and kidney tissues decreased with increasing experimental time, and finally decreased by 47.09% and 51.07%, respectively. The Ca2 ＋-ATPase activities in the gills and kidney tissues decreased with increasing experimental time, and finally decreased by 28.28% and 35.13%, respectively. The AKP activities in the gills, kidney and hepatopancreas tissues were increased with increasing experimental time, and finally increased by 45.97%, 26.68% and 83.01%, respectively. The ACP activities were increased with increasing experimental time, and finally increased by 38.85%,84.12%, and 55.77%, respectively. The GPT and GOT activities in the hepatopancreas were decreased with the increasing experimental time, and finally decreased by 50.05% and 76.50%, respectively. In summary, this study not only describes the decreased functions of the brain, gill, kidney and hepatopancreas as a result of dietary nC_（60） in upper trophic level organisms（zebrafish）, but also provides fundamental data regarding the dietary effects of nC_（60） on aqueous organisms for the further eco-toxicological study.

关 键 词：富勒烯 纳米水稳型C60 大型溞 斑马鱼 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]