论两宋理学“观物”与理学诗类型化主题及程式化表达  

Theory of Observing of Neo-Confucianism in the North and the South Song Dynasty and Neo-Confucianist Poetry Typed Topics and Stylized Expression

作　　者：王培友[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学人文学院

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第2期78-85,197,共8页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目<两宋理学诗研究>(项目号13BZW065);北京市社科基金研究基地一般项目<宋明理学诗诗性品格及其国际化问题研究>(项目号14JDWYB014);"北京语言大学中青年学术骨干支持计划"

摘　　要："观物"是邵雍用来构建其理学体系的术语,得到了他之后两宋理学家的高度重视。因"观物"具有体悟性、识察性与实践性等特质,而具备了审美性、情感性、实践性、超越性等品格,因此,也就内在地决定了"观物"与理学家诗歌创作具有紧密联系。当理学诗人所"观"之"物"为客观实在的景物时,其诗歌因为"观物"之特质而呈现出审美性、情感性等特征;而当他们所"观"之"物"为各种事件、虚拟之哲理或者性理命题时,诗歌便呈现出哲理性、超越性等特征。由此,理学诗表现为类型化的主题与程式化的表达方式。理学诗的这一特质,说明了其具有独特的民族性品格。Observing is a term used by Shao Yong to establish his Neo-Confucianist system,which was paid significant attention by the psychologists in the Song Dynasty after him. Because Observing has the features of comprehension,observation and practicality,thereby it had the characters of aesthetic,emotionality,practicality and transcendence,and hence it inherently determined that the Observing had a close contact with the poetry creation of psychologists. When the subject observed by the psychologist poets refers to the actual scenery,the poems show the characters of aesthetic,emotionality due to the features of Observing. When the subject observed by them referred to various events,virtual philosophy or rational proposition,the poems showed the characters of practicality and transcendence. Therefore,Neo-Confucianist poetry shows a typed topic and stylized expression pattern.And this feature of Neo-Confucianist poetry indicated that it had an unique national character.

关 键 词：理学 观物 理学诗 类型化 程式化 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]