先秦两汉时期寒热的含义  

Connotation of "Cold and Heat" in the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties

作　　者：杜倩[1] 李成卫[1] 王庆国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029

出　　处：《河南中医》2016年第3期392-394,共3页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(编号:2011CB505100)

摘　　要：寒热在进入中医学领域之前,仅用来表示自然温度的高低,是相反、对立的概念;在被引进中医学之后,含义逐渐多元化,出现不再相反与对立的内容;在秦汉时期中医学中的寒热有多个含义,寒热概念在该时期含义有四,分别是表示人体自身阴气、阳气盛衰导致的人体自身冷热;表示他人对疾病者体表触及的冷热;表示人体对正常四时之气的冷热感知;表示外界寒气、热气对人体的致病影响,其中涉及阴阳学说、五行学说、病邪病源说等学说,总之该时期寒热的含义始终是表示气的概念,始终是围绕人体的冷热感知延伸的,意即先秦两汉时期寒热的原型即人的冷热,尚接近于寒热最初的含义。Before entering the field of traditional Chinese medicine（ TCM）, ＂ cold and heat＂ originally indicated the degree of the natural temperature,which is a couple of opposite concepts. After being used in TCM,the connotation of them became diversified.In Qin and Han dynasties, ＂ cold and heat＂ in TCM have multiple meanings,which including the following four： cold and heat of the body due to the waxing and waning of the yang qi and yin qi within the body; cold and heat sensation felt by others on the body surface of the patients; cold and heat sensation felt by people toward the normal four seasons; pathogenic influence of the coldness and heat in the external environment on human body. Among them,the theories of yin and yang,five elements,pathogen and etiology are involved. Above all,the connotations of cold and heat during this period were always related with the concept of qi and extend according to the sensation of cold and heat of the body. It means the original meaning of cold and heat during pre-Qin and Han dynasties is the cold and heat sensation of the body,which is still similar to the original connotation of cold and heat.

关 键 词：寒 热 先秦两汉时期 

分 类 号：R229[医药卫生—中医基础理论]