城市化对家庭CO_2排放影响的区域差异——基于中国省级面板数据的分析  

Regional differences in the impact of urbanization on household carbon dioxide emissions based on panel data for 30 provinces in China

作　　者：李艳梅[1] 张红丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学循环经济研究院,北京100124

出　　处：《资源科学》2016年第3期545-556,共12页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71103012);北京工业大学日新人才项目(033000514115001)

摘　　要：随着中国城市化的快速发展,家庭部门成为CO_2排放的重要增长点。本文在计算2000-2012年30个省(直辖市、自治区,除港、澳、台、西藏外)家庭CO_2排放的基础上,构建面板模型分析了城市化对其影响的区域差异。结果表明:1城市化发展促进了30个省(直辖市、自治区)家庭CO_2排放的增加,但是区域差异较大。城市化水平对家庭直接CO_2排放影响程度高的省份,集中在东部和东北地区,如上海、黑龙江和吉林等;城市化水平对家庭间接CO_2排放影响程度高的省份,集中在东部地区,如上海、北京、浙江和广东等;影响程度中等和低的省份主要交错分布在中国中部、西部地区,如宁夏、贵州以及安徽;2进一步从消费支出弹性视角分析了区域差异的原因,发现城市化水平对家庭CO_2排放影响越高的区域,其CO_2排放的消费支出弹性越高。直接CO_2排放的弹性差异主要与汽油、电力消费的增加幅度有关,间接CO_2排放的弹性差异主要与来自工业部门的消费支出增加幅度有关。因此,在城市化水平对家庭直接CO_2排放影响程度高的区域,重点是发展公共交通并注重日常生活节能;在城市化水平对家庭间接CO_2排放影响程度高的区域,重点是提高工业部门的能源使用效率。With rapid development of urbanization in China,households have become the focus of energy savings and emissions reduction. Here,household CO2 emissions in 30 provinces from 2000 to 2012 are calculated. Then a panel model is constructed to analyze regional difference in the urbanization impact on household CO2 emissions. We found that the impact of urbanization on household CO2 emissions has played a catalytic role and there are large regional differences.Provinces with the highest impact of urbanization on household direct CO2 emissions are mainly distributed in eastern China and northeast China,such as Shanghai,Heilongjiang and Jilin.Provinces with the highest impact of urbanization on household indirect CO2 emissions are mainly distributed in eastern China,such as Shanghai,Beijing,Zhejiang and Guangdong. While provinces with medium and low impact of urbanization on households direct and indirect CO2 emissions are mainly distributed in the central and western China. From the perspective of expenditure elasticity,we further analyzed reasons for differences in the impact of urbanization on provincial household CO2 emissions. The result is that the higher the impact of urbanization on household CO2 emissions,the larger the expenditure elasticity of CO2 emissions. The elasticity of direct CO2 emissions is related to different consumption increases in gasoline and electricity,and the elasticity of indirect CO2 emissions is associated with an increase in the amount of consumption from the industry sector. Therefore,developing public transportation and paying attention to saving energy in daily life in regions where household direct CO2 emissions are highly influenced by urbanization are significant,and improving the efficiency of energy use by industry in regions with a high impact of urbanization on household indirect CO2 emissions.

关 键 词：城市化 家庭CO2排放 区域差异 面板数据 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]