禾王草与奶牛常用粗饲料瘤胃降解特性的对比研究  

Comparison of Rumen Degradation Characteristics between Pennisetum sp. and Commonly Used Roughages for Dairy Cows

作　　者：马健[1,2] 刘艳芳[1] 杜云[2] 李胜利[2] 余雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2016年第3期816-825,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-37)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究2种刈割高度的禾王草干草和青贮、羊草干草、苜蓿干草以及全株玉米青贮共7种粗饲料的瘤胃降解特性。选用4头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛为试验动物,采用尼龙袋法评定其干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的72 h瘤胃降解率。结果表明:1)禾王草干草CP含量显著高于羊草干草(P<0.05),NDF含量显著低于羊草干草(P<0.05);禾王草青贮CP和NDF含量显著高于全株玉米青贮(P<0.05)。2)苜蓿干草DM有效降解率最高,与依次降低的全株玉米青贮、2.0 m禾王草青贮、2.5 m禾王草青贮、2.0 m禾王草干草、2.5 m禾王草干草和羊草干草差异显著(P<0.05),羊草干草的DM有效降解率显著低于其他粗饲料(P<0.05);CP有效降解率以苜蓿干草最高,与2.0 m禾王草青贮差异不显著(P>0.05),显著高于依次降低的2.5 m禾王草青贮、2.0 m禾王草干草、全株玉米青贮、2.5 m禾王草干草和羊草干草(P<0.05);全株玉米青贮与禾王草青贮的NDF有效降解率差异不显著(P>0.05),而显著高于其他粗饲料(P<0.05);禾王草青贮72 h时ADF有效降解率显著高于其他粗饲料(P<0.05)。由此可知,禾王草有作为奶牛粗饲料的潜力,禾王草经青贮后可以保存营养成分,并可以提高营养成分的瘤胃利用效率。This experiment was conducted to determine the rumen degradation characteristics of 7 kinds of roughages including 2 kinds of Pennisetum sp. hay（ different cutting height）,2 kinds of Pennisetum sp. silage（ different cutting height）,dried Chinese wildye,dried alfalfa hay and whole corn silage. Four Holstein cows with permanent ruminal cannulas were used. Nylon-bag technique was used to evaluate the ruminal degradability of dry matter（ DM）,crude protein（ CP）,neutral detergent fiber（ NDF） and acid detergent fiber（ ADF）.The results showed as follows： 1） the content of CP in Pennisetum sp. hay was significantly high than that in dried Chinese wildye（ P〈0. 05）,but compared with the dried Chinese wildye,the content of NDF was significantly reduced（ P〈0. 05）; the contents of CP and NDF in Pennisetum sp. silage were significantly high than those in whole corn silage（ P〈0. 05）. 2） The DMeffective degradability of dried alfalfa hay was significantly higher than that of whole corn silage,2. 0 m Pennisetum sp. sliage,2. 5 m Pennisetum sp. silage,2.0 m Pennisetum sp. hay,2. 5 m Pennisetum sp. hay and dried Chinese wildye（ P〈0. 05）,which was decreased in the above order,and dried Chinese wildye was significantly lower than others（ P〈0. 05）; CP effective degradability of dried alfalfa hay was not significantly different from 2. 0 m Pennisetum sp. silage（ P〉0. 05）,but was significantly higher than that of 2. 5 m Pennisetum sp. silage,2. 0 m Pennisetum sp. hay,whole corn silage,2. 5 m Pennisetum sp. hay and dried Chinese wildye（ P〈0. 05）,which was decreased in the above order; NDF effective degradability of whole corn silage was not significantly different from Pennisetum sp. silage（ P〉0. 05）,and was significantly higher than that of other roughages（ P〈0. 05）; ADF effective degradability of Pennisetum sp. silage at 72 h was significantly higher than that of other roughers（ P〈0.05）. It is concluded that Pennisetum sp. has a potential as a newn

关 键 词：禾王草 营养成分 尼龙袋技术 瘤胃降解率 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]