知母及含知母复方的抗抑郁研究现状  

Study of antidepressant on Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge

作　　者：张颖[1] 陈朝[1] 陈宇霞[1] 黄世敬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院广安门医院中药研发中心,北京100053

出　　处：《环球中医药》2016年第3期377-380,共4页Global Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81072801);北京市科技计划(Z141100002214014);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(ZZ0708076)

摘　　要：通过检索近十几年来的文献显示知母作为常用的清热药有抗抑郁作用,知母有效成份知母皂苷是目前研究的热点,近年来药理学研究证实知母皂苷具有抗抑郁疗效,对抑郁动物行为学有改善作用,可增加脑内神经递质去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺、多巴胺含量,降低血浆促肾上腺皮质激素和皮质醇;可提高海马、皮层脑源性神经营养因子的表达,保护受损脑组织神经元。含有知母复方如二仙汤、知母地黄汤、酸枣仁汤等是抗抑郁临床常用方,抗抑郁作用疗效显著,临床研究和动物学实验证实,此类复方能有效改善抑郁症状。故本文针对知母的抗抑郁报导进行分析,并整理知母复方的抗抑郁研究文献,望能对揭示抑郁的发病机理、开发抗抑郁新药及提高抑郁诊治水平提供参考价值。Through relevant articles we have retrieved,it is detected that the common heat-clearing medicine Anemarrhena asphodeloides（ AA） also conveys anti-depressant benefits,and its pharmaceutical gradient Anemarrhena timosaponin（ AT） has gained much attention from researchers. These cognitions were verified by recent pharmacological studies,which have demonstrated that AA alleviates depressionwith respect to behavioral manifestations by elevating the levels of norepinephrine,serotonin and dopamine while decreasing those of plasma Adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol. Besides,the effect is enhanced by its facilitating the expressions of hippocampus,cortex brain-derived neurotrophic factor（ BDNF） in damaged brain tissue. The traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions involving the medicine includes Erxian decoction,Zhimu Dihuang decoction and suanzao ren decoction. Their effect on depressant patients have been validated by clinical practices and by a range of clinical trials and animal experiments. Consequently,the present article has teased out the literature relevant to AA＇s antidepressant effect. We hope this article will be an effective reference for discovering mechanism of depression,developing new drugs and performing clinical practices.

关 键 词：抑郁 知母 知母皂苷 百合知母汤 酸枣仁汤 二仙汤 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]