禁飞区合法性问题的理论解析  

Theoretical Analysis on the Legitimacy of the No-fly Zone

作　　者：赵广成[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学中东研究所,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《大庆师范学院学报》2016年第1期41-49,共9页Journal of Daqing Normal University

基　　金：陕西省教育厅2013年科学研究项目人文社科专项"禁飞区问题与中国面临的外交挑战"(13JK0024);中国博士后科学基金第52批面上资助项目"禁飞区问题与中国面临的外交挑战"(2012M521660)

摘　　要：2011年利比亚战争爆发后,禁飞区这种国际人道主义干预形式再度引起人们的热议。这种干涉形式本身不符合《联合国宪章》精神和国际法准则,特别是与国家主权原则格格不入,在法理上的合法性是有问题的。中国无法赞同和支持这种国际干预形式,但又不愿单独承担与西方对抗的成本,于是在安理会表决时屡屡投弃权票。弃权原本是一种"不赞成"票,但在安理会的议事规则中被视为"同意"票,在事实上成了一种"不情愿的同意"。中国的这种立场为安理会通过涉禁飞区决议开了绿灯,从而使这种干预形式获得了法律程序上的合法性。程序上的合法性会对法理上的合法性产生拉动作用,进而使这种干预形式获得更多的国际支持,对中国在禁飞区问题上的立场和外交构成更大的压力。No-fly Zone,as a method of humanitarian intervention,has become a hotly discussed issue since the breaking out of 2011 Libyan War. This intervention,however,is not conformed to the spirit of the United Nation（ UN） Charter,nor the standard of the International law,and is especially inconsistent with the principle of sovereignty. So,the legitimacy of No-fly Zone may therefore be under discussion. Facing the No-fly Zone issues in the UN Security Council（ UNSC）,the repeated Chinese abstentions were because China could neither agree nor accept this form of intervention,nor take the cost to confront the West on the matter alone. Abstention which means ＂ not agree＂ yet became a vote in favor in the UNSC,therefore,it became an actual vote in ＂ unwilling favor＂. China＇s position helped the UNSC to pass No-fly Zone resolutions easily,and helped justify its legitimacy.Gaining legitimacy brought more international support to No- fly Zone issues,thus,pushing more pressure on China＇s foreign policy on the matter.

关 键 词：禁飞区 国际合法性 利比亚战争 人道主义干预 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]