建立学校艾滋病疫情通报制度的伦理问题研究  

Ethical Problem of Establishing the AIDS Epidemic Reporting System at Schools

作　　者：张璐平[1] 韩跃红[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学管理与经济学院,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明理工大学社会科学学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第2期18-23,共6页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"人的尊严在生命伦理学中的理论地位和社会应用"(11BZX074);云南省院省校合作研究项目"云南禁毒防艾新形势新挑战新对策研究"(kksx201534001)

摘　　要：在学校中建立疫情通报制度,能够引起学校及学生的重视,对加强对艾滋病知识的宣传教育、提高学生自我保护意识有积极意义。鉴于目前艾滋病社会歧视现象依然严峻和高校普遍缺乏艾滋病相关专业人员的现实,实行通报制度后容易出现一些伦理问题,如违反知情同意原则、信息保密原则和隐私保护原则,由此会导致感染学生受到严重的社会歧视,遭受不公正待遇,合法权益受到侵害,精神受到伤害等。建议在通报制度中严格保护感染学生信息;学校要加强艾滋病健康教育师资力量的建设;学校、政府、医疗机构共同行动,努力消除对艾滋病感染者的歧视。In recent years, AIDS epidemic among the students has increased year by year. To further con-trol the epidemic situation and realize the communication of information, the State Health Planning Commissionissued a bill on the establishment of the school epidemic reporting system. It requires that the health departmentregularly inform the school how many students are infected by HIV, and the school must participate in the pa-tients＇informed and follow -up consultation, and intervention. It can draw the attention of the school leaders sothat the school can strengthen sex education, AIDS education; it can also cause the attention of students so thatstudents can improve their awareness of self- protection. It can achieve the goal of ＂early prevention, early in-tervention; early detection, early treatment. ＂ However, due to the social discrimination and the lack of AIDSrelated professionals at colleges and universities, the implementation of the notification system is prone to causesome ethical problems, such as the violation of the principle of informed consent, confidentiality of informationand the principle of privacy protection. This may lead to the consequence that the infected students suffer seri-ous social discrimination and injustice. Their legitimate rights and interests are violated; their spirit is hurt. Fi-nally, this paper suggests that we must strictly protect the information of the infected students; the school shouldenhance the training system of AIDS health education teachers; schools, government, medical institutions allneed to take action and strive to eliminate discrimination against AIDS.

关 键 词：艾滋病 疫情通报制度 生命伦理 信息保密 

分 类 号：B82-05[哲学宗教—伦理学]