新企业战略导向对创业能力的影响——基于中国情境的实证研究  

Effect of Strategic Orientation on New Ventures' Entrepreneurial Capability:An Empirical Research under Chinese Context

作　　者：尹苗苗[1] 马艳丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学管理学院,吉林长春130022 [2]中国人民大学商学院,北京100872

出　　处：《经济管理》2016年第4期72-82,共11页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目"中国转型经济背景下企业创业机会与资源开发行为研究"(71232011);国家自然科学青年基金项目"中国情境下创业导向;投机导向对创业能力的影响机理研究"(71302039);中国博士后科学基金第7批特别资助项目"中国情境下新企业战略导向对创业能力的影响研究(2014T70299)

摘　　要：本研究基于战略管理理论、资源管理理论和创业行为理论首次对创业导向、投机导向与创业能力之间的关系展开深入研究,并检验环境情境的调节作用。本研究对广东省、北京市和吉林省的600家新创企业展开大规模问卷调研,最终获得361份有效问卷,实证研究发现,创业导向和投机导向均对机会识别能力和资源整合能力具有显著积极影响;环境不确定性在创业导向与机会识别能力之间具有显著积极调节作用,而在创业导向与资源整合能力之间具有消极调节作用;环境不确定性在投机导向与资源整合能力之间具有显著积极调节作用,但在投机导向与机会识别能力之间具有负调节作用。Entrepreneurial activities have become the core strength to promote the development of our country s economy. Under the current conditions of economic and institutional transition period, how new ventures develo- ping and upgrading entrepreneurial capabilities in order to survive and grow is still difficult. Entrepreneurial capabil- ities refer to the capabilities that enterprises required to develop or create opportunities according to the information about accessing to the resources in the market. Therefore, we divided entrepreneurial capability into two dimensions： opportunity recognition capability and resources integration capability. Despite the importance of entrepreneurial ca- pabilities has been recognized by academia, and it attracted more and more scholars began to explore, the current relative research is still less. Previous studies have put too much effort to explore the importance of entrepreneurial capability and how it plays a role in entrepreneurial activities （Man, Lau ＆ Chan ,2002 ; Rasmussen, Mosey ＆ Wright,2011 ）. However, for what factors affect the generation and promotion of entrepreneurial capability is still lack of inquiry. Therefore, this paper tries to study what factors influence the generation and promotion of entrepreneurial capability. Under the current transitional period, entrepreneurial activities show unique characteristics. On one side because our economic environment becomes more and more internationalization, the market gradually opens, technical level gradually im- proves ,new ventures show obvious entrepreneurial orientation （MiUer,2011 ） ,which means strong innovative, proac- tive and risk-taking （Covin ＆ Slevin, 1989; Lumpkin ＆ Dess, 1996） ; On the other side, due to the current market environment and the institutional environment is not yet mature, and the law is still not perfect, new ventures also show a strong speculative orientation （Anokhin, Wincent ＆ Autio ,2011 ）, which attempts to put into minimum input for maximum output. Therefor

关 键 词：创业导向 投机导向 创业能力 中国情境 新创企业 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]