耦合油膜的柴油机曲轴-主轴承系统冲击响应仿真与试验研究  

Research on Shock Response Simulation and Test of the Diesel Crankshaft and Main Bearing System Coupled with Oil Film

作　　者：赵建华[1] 汪玉[2] 朱德彬[1] 计晨[2] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学动力工程学院,武汉430033 [2]海军装备研究院舰船论证研究所,北京100161

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2016年第2期137-144,共8页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家安全重大基础研究计划项目(613157010102);国防"十二五"预研项目(4010304030202);海军工程大学青年基金项目(HGDQNJJ12007)

摘　　要：为了获得一种耦合油膜的柴油机冲击响应建模方法,开展了落锤高度0.5m和0.9m,曲轴转速分别为550、900和1 500r/min的冲击试验,测得了曲轴主轴颈的运动轨迹。采用冲击响应谱的方法,将实测的基础加速度转化为双三角形加速度,以此作为仿真计算的冲击输入。基于AVL-EXCITE和ABAQUS软件,建立了耦合油膜的柴油机曲轴-主轴承系统冲击动力学模型,并计算了上述试验条件下系统的冲击响应,仿真与试验值的误差小于8%,验证了模型的准确性。仿真和试验结果表明：曲轴转速越高,冲击作用对油膜厚度的影响越小,最大主轴颈偏心距在14-30μm之间,说明落锤高度0.9m产生的冲击也未造成油膜破坏。利用冲击动力学模型计算发现,冲击相位不同时,最小油膜厚度可相差1μm。In order to obtain a modeling method of shock response of diesel engine coupled with oil film, a series of drop tests were carried out with the drop heights of 0.5 m and 0.9 m at the shaft speeds of 550, 900 and 1 500 r/min separately. The trajectory of main journal was measured during these tests. Using the method of shock response spectrum, the measured base acceleration signals could be transformed to the double triangle acceleration, which were used as the input data of simulation. Based on the AVL-EXCITE and ABAQUS software, a shock dynamic model of the diesel crankshaft and main bearing system was established. And the shock responses were calculated under the test conditions mentioned above. The errors of the maximum eccentricity of main journal between the simulation and test results are within 8~, which verify the correctness of the shock dynamic model. The simulation and test results also show that the higher the shaft speed is, the smaller the shock influence on oil film thickness is. The maximum eccentricity of main journal is between 14/am and 30 ~m, which indicates that the oil film can not he destroyed even in drop height of 0.9 m. Finally, based on the shock dynamic model, the calculation results indicate that the minimum oil film thickness can be a difference of 1 μm under different shock phases.

关 键 词：内燃机 柴油机 抗冲击 油膜 滑动轴承 

分 类 号：TP317[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]