1991—2010年中国煤炭铁路交流格局变迁  

Railway Coal Flow in China from 1991 to 2010: Spatial Configuration and Its Evolution

作　　者：张玉韩[1] 侯华丽[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国国土资源经济研究院,北京101149 [2]北京交通大学中国产业安全研究中心,北京100044

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2016年第2期19-23,35,共6页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：国土资源部地质调查工作项目(12120113093000)

摘　　要：以1991,2000,2010年中国主要城市煤炭铁路交流数据为基础,分析了煤炭调出、调入以及空间交流格局的变迁。结果表明:中国煤炭调出城市逐步向南部和西部地区扩展,"三西"(山西、陕西和内蒙古)成为目前煤炭调出量最多的地区,2010年中国煤炭调出高值区与国家大型煤炭基地的分布高度吻合;煤炭调入区在空间上逐渐向西南、西北和华南延伸,高值区仍主要位于北方沿海和东北地区,以港口和工业城市为主,河北、广西和江西是调入量增长最快的省份。2010年中国形成了东北、华北、华东以及西南四大煤炭交流系统,山西的影响力开始下降,陕西和内蒙古的影响力迅速增强;煤炭运输集中在少数铁路,并主要运往北方沿海港口,形成了3条"铁路—海运"联运的煤炭运输通道。城市中心性的研究结果表明,山西的出度增长减缓,陕西和贵州出度迅速增长;入度较高的城市仍以港口、工业型城市和经济中心为主,其中工业型城市增多,空间上从沿海、东北地区扩展到东南部和中南部。Based on the railway coal flow data of China in 1991, 2000 and 2010, this research analyzed the spatial configuration and its evolution of the coal export scale, coal import scale and flowing structure of inter-cities, the results showed that the cities which export coal have increased, and gradually expanded to the south and west areas, ＂Three Xi＂ has become the largest coal export region. The distribution of key export areas in 2010 was justly coinciding with the national large-scale coal bases. The coal import cities have gradually expanded to southwest, north-west and Southern China; the cities with high values are still located in the north coastal and northeast areas, Hebei, Guangxi and Jiangxi were the fastest growing provinces in the coal import. In 2010, China has formed four significant coal flow systems, which are the northeast, northern China, eastern China and the southwest. The influence of Shanxi Province began to decline, on the contrary, the influence of Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia rapidly increased. The coal transportation concentrated in a handful of railway, and mainly transported to the northern coastal port, which formed three ＂rail intermodal shipping＂ channels. The research on urban centricity shows that the growth of out-degree value has decelerated in Shartxi, the out-degree values of Shaartxi and Guizhou Province have increased rapidly; the cities with higher in-degree values are mainly port cities, industrial cities and economic centers, among which the industrial cities have increased, and expand from coastal region and northeast area to the southeast and south central areas.

关 键 词：煤炭 铁路 城际 空间格局 演变 

分 类 号：F532[经济管理—产业经济]