媒介转型与媒体从业者的劳动权保护  

Media transformation and Protection of Media Practitioners' Labor Rights

作　　者：夏倩芳[1] 李婧[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2016年第3期38-58,126-127,共21页Journalism & Communication

摘　　要：新闻工作是一种特殊的劳动,但媒体从业者的劳动权问题一直处于灰色地带,缺乏研究与关注。近10年来,从全球来看,随着传播新科技的竞争,媒体人的劳动条件趋于恶化,而在媒介企业转型中对企业效益的强调又进一步压迫了媒体从业者的劳动权,媒体人的劳动权问题被突显出来。基于对美国、德国、日本及我国台湾地区劳动法规条款及典型案例进行的梳理和分析,我们发现上述国家/地区对媒体从业者劳动权的保护,在法规层面虽然存在着差异,但基本上还算充分。然而,法规只能保障最低限度的权利,全面、有效地实现和提升媒体人的劳动权益还须依靠"集体协商权"的积极运用。然而工会力量薄弱、集体协商虚置阻碍了媒体从业者的劳动权争取。上述国家/地区在劳动法规、司法实践及媒体工会组织等方面对我国均有启发意义。Journalism is a very special kind of labor. Media practitioners ' labor rights have still been an obscure area with little academic research and attention. In the past 10 years, with a global spread of emerging communication technology, the working conditions of media practitioners tend to deteriorate. During the process of media transformation, an emphasis on enterprise efficiency further threatens media practitioners' labor rights, which makes the protection of media practitioners ' labor rights a prominent issue. Based on an analysis of labor laws and regulations and typical cases in the United States,Germany, Japan and Taiwan, this study finds that legal protection of media practitioners ' labor rights in these countries or regions is different but basically sufficient. However, laws and regulations can only protect the labor rights at the minimum. Fully and effectively implementing and promoting media practitioners' labor rights must rely on collective bargaining rights. Yet the vulnerable labor union and mendacious collective bargaining rights hinder media practitioners ' fight for labor rights. Experiences in those countries or regions can shed a light on our country's labor legislation, judicial practice and media labor union.

关 键 词：劳动权 专业劳动者 固定薪酬 集体协商 

分 类 号：D912.5[政治法律—民商法学] G214[政治法律—法学]