从《水浒传》的“互文性”看其“经典性”  

A study of the canonization of Heroes of the Marshes in the perspective of intertextuality

作　　者：李桂奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学,上海200433

出　　处：《云南大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第2期70-78,112,共9页The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部2012年"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"项目:中国传统小说"互文性"研究(NCET-12-0905)研究成果

摘　　要：作为一部内涵丰厚、文法高超的英雄传奇小说经典,《水浒传》之"互文性"大致可分三个层面:与其前文本所发生的上行"互文性",与其大略同期的文本所发生的并行"互文性",以及与其后文本所发生的下行"互文性"。就上行"互文性"的情况来看,《水浒传》的文本来源主要有二:除了对《史记》经典细节的化用,还有对杂剧章法的借用。与《金瓶梅》所发生的并行"互文性"的情况也并非仅仅限于"借树开花"、"借鸡生蛋",而是二者通过互相点化或戏拟某些经典故事来反讽社会现实。由《水浒传》对《儒林外史》、《红楼梦》等小说派生的力度与强度,我们更感受到它"之所以成为经典"的文本魅力。从《水浒传》这一经典文本的沿承与传播状态推演开来,可以说一部小说的"互文性"之强足以成就其"经典性"之高,或者说一部经典作品的"互文性"与"经典性"往往是相辅相成的。With rich literary and stylistic implications,Heroes of the Marshes as a legendary classic of heroes has its intertextuality at three levels: 1. the upward intertextuality associated with the pre- text; 2. the parallel intertextuality associated with the roughly contemporary texts; 3. the downward intertextuality associated with the post- text. As for the first intertextuality,it borrows not only from the typical events from A General History of China but also from the writing techniques of Chinese Za drama; the second intertextuality does not rely only on the retelling of the story The Golden Lotus,but on the creative borrowing with sarcastic attacks on the social evils; the third intertextuality finds expression in its influence on such novels as The Scholars and A Dream of Red Mansions. Thus,the intertextuality of a novel is closely related to its canonization.

关 键 词：《水浒传》 互文性 经典性 戏拟 派生 

分 类 号：I207.412[文学—中国文学]