喀斯特石漠化治理不同水土保持模式的生态效应研究  

Ecological effects of different soil and water conservation modes in Karst rocky desertification control

作　　者：颜萍[1,2] 熊康宁[1,2] 檀迪[1,2] 郭杰[1,2] 陈航[1,2] 胡晚枚 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第1期1-7,21,共8页Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：贵州师范大学研究生创新基金项目(研创[2014]24);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划重大课题(2011BAC09B01);贵州省科技计划重大专项(黔科合重大专项字[2014]6007号)

摘　　要：以毕节市撒拉溪镇喀斯特高原山地潜在-轻度石漠化综合防治示范区为研究单元,运用野外取样调查和室内实验分析方法,研究喀斯特石漠化治理区封山育林(模式I)、人工种草(模式II)、经果林治理(模式III)和农林混合(模式IV)4种不同水土保持模式,与对照组(原生样地)在不同季节的土壤效应、植被效应和小气候效应,旨在为喀斯特石漠化地区的水土保持治理和生态系统恢复重建提供理论支撑。研究结果表明:4种水土保持模式的土壤含水量、田间持水量和毛管持水量在4月、8月、12月差异性显著(P<0.05),均有对照组<模式I<模式II<模式III<模式IV的变化规律;不同水土保持模式的土壤全氮、全磷和全钾在4月和8月无差异性显著(P>0.05);植被多样性指数偏低,但均高于对照组,小气候效应优于对照组。研究结果以期为对喀斯特石漠化地区的水土保持治理和生态系统恢复重建研究提供参考数据。Using the regular field sampling survey and laboratory experiments analysis methods,Karst plateaus in Salaxi town of Bijie city was taken as study unit,which was the prevention and control demonstration area of potential and mild rocky desertification. In order to provide theoretical support to the soil and water conservation control and ecosystem restoration in Karst rocky desertification control area,this paper selected 4 kinds of different soil and water conservation modes that including forest conservation mode（ mode I）,artificial grass planting mode（ mode II）,economic fruit forest control mode（ mode III） and agriculture and forestry mixed mode（ mode IV）,which compared with the control group（ primary plot） to research the soil effects,vegetation effects and microclimate effects in different seasons.The results showed that soil moisture,field moisture and capillary water capacity had significant differences in the four kinds of soil and water conservation modes in April,August and December（ P 〈0. 05）,both were in order of the control group 〈mode I 〈mode II 〈mode III 〈mode IV; Soil total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium had no significant differences in different soil and water conservation modes in April and August（ P 〉0. 05）; And vegetation diversity index was low,but the four kinds of soil and water conservation modes were higher than the control group,and the microclimate effects was better than the control group. The results will provide reference data for the soil and water conservation control and ecosystem restoration study in Karst rocky desertification area.

关 键 词：生态效应 水土保持模式 石漠化治理 喀斯特 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]