高精度多通道自动气象站气压检定仪的设计  

Design of Multi-channel Air Pressure Calibrators of High-precision for Automatic Meteorological Station

作　　者：徐伟[1] 裴晓芳[1] 季鑫源[1] 陈晓[1] 行鸿彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《仪表技术与传感器》2016年第2期34-38,共5页Instrument Technique and Sensor

基　　金：江苏省产学研联合创新资金--前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2011112,BY2013007-02);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(CXLX12_0508);江苏省高校“信息与通信工程”优势学科资助;江苏省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201410300048Z)

摘　　要：气压检定仪是一种为自动气象站提供标准气压信号的仪器。针对目前气象计量业务应用的检定仪输出气压信号单一不能兼顾不同型号自动站的问题,设计一种高精度、多通道（RS232、模拟电压、触发脉冲）同时输出而互不干扰的新型气压检定仪。采用低功耗单片机为主控、CPLD扩展I/O口的硬件架构。RS232通道气压信号利用单片机的USART编程产生;触发脉冲通道利用CPLD模拟传感器的时序,收到自动站的触发信号后分频产生;模拟电压通道选用高精度DAC和极低失调电压（3μV）运放产生。总线隔离和DC-DC措施保证了各通道互不干扰。测试表明：3个通道输出的气压信号范围均为500~1 100 h Pa,覆盖了自动站的测量范围。最大误差0.02 h Pa,远低于自动站的最大测量误差±0.3 h Pa,为不同型号的自动站提供了一种综合的计量检定仪器。Air pressure calibrators are instruments which provide standard pressure signal for Automatic Weather Stations.（ AWS）. At present,the calibrators applied for meteorological measurement are just capable of outputting one kind of pressure signal and using in only one type of AWS. Therefore,aiming at this problem,a new type of air pressure calibrators which are of highprecision was designed. They can output through three channels（ RS232,analog voltage,trigger pulse） simultaneously but be non-interfering for one another. They adopted single chip microcomputers as the dominant control and CPLD as their expansion port. The pressure signal from channel RS232 was attained by using USART of single chip microcomputer. The trigger pulse mode can be produced by CPLD after receiving the trigger signal from AWS on basis of timing sequence of sensor. Analog voltage generates from using high-precision DAC,and low offset voltage（ 3 μV）. The bus isolation and DC-DC measures guarantee each channel not to interfere with one another. Tests show that the air pressures of the three electric parameters are 500 ~ 1 100 h Pa,which are the scope of measurement of AWS. The maximum error of this kind of calibrator is 0. 02 h Pa. It is much lower than the maximum error of AWS ± 0. 3 h Pa. This new kind of calibrator is measurement and calibration for different models of AWS.

关 键 词：CPLD 气压 自动气象站 检定 

分 类 号：TP212.9[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]