食品中放射性核素^(137)Cs基于不同检测条件的方法选择研究  

A selectivity study of the examination of radionuclides Cesium-137 for foods based on different detection conditions

作　　者：曹艺耀[1] 宣志强[1] 俞顺飞[1] 赵尧贤[1] 李新星[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《浙江预防医学》2016年第5期437-440,共4页Zhejiang Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科学研究基金项目(2013KYA040)

摘　　要：目的探讨食品中放射性核素^(137)Cs(Cesium-137)在不同条件下检测方法的选择。方法选取秦山核电站和三门核电站周边地区及对照区域(杭州和舟山)共48份食品样品,分别采用γ能谱法和磷酸钼铵法检测137Cs,对两种方法的检测结果、探测限、检验周期、样品用量、灵敏度以及干扰因素等进行分析。结果两种方法检测样品^(137)Cs结果值的差值均数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);γ能谱法探测限低于磷酸钼铵法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);γ能谱法一次可检测多种核素,但需用样品量大,检测周期较长;磷酸钼铵法探测限高,但化学处理步骤繁琐,容易被^(134)Cs干扰。结论应根据检测目的和食品种类选择^(137)Cs检测方法,在实际工作中大部分食品检测建议采用γ能谱法,而样品较难采集、出灰量较少或低含量的食品建议采用磷酸钼铵法检测。Objective Aselectivitystudywasconductedthroughtheexaminationofradionuclides137Cs(Cesium-137)for foodbasedondifferentdetectionconditions.Methods Atotalof48foodsampleswereselectedfromthreeareasincluding Qinshan nuclear power plant,Sanmen nuclear power plant and Hangzhou and Zhoushan respectively.1 37 Cs of these samples were determined by γspectrometry and Phosphoric acid ammonium molybdate method.The level of 48 foods were statistically analyzed,and then the time consuming,sample size requirements,influence factors were comprehensively discussed,thustheselectionreferenceproposaloftheexaminationmethodcouldbeprovided.Results Therewereno significant difference for the data of two examination method (P>0.05 ).The limit of detection of the γspectrometry was lower (P <0.05 ).Compared with Phosphoric acid ammonium molybdate method,γspectrometry had lower limit of detection,and could detect a variety of radionuclides at a time,but need more sample and time-consuming when multi-sample were detected.The limit of detection of the Phosphoric acid ammonium molybdate method was high,and the chemicalprocessingstepswerecumbersomeandwaseasytobeinterferedby134Cs.Conclusion Thelimitofdetectionof the γspectrometry is low,and the sensitivity of the Phosphoric acid ammonium molybdate method is high.Most food are recommended to be detected by γspectrometry in the practical work,and the food which were difficult collected,less ash or low content,are recommended to be detected by Phosphoric acid ammonium molybdate method.

关 键 词：食品 137Cs Γ能谱法 磷酸钼铵法 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]