基于公交IC卡和AVL数据的客流OD推导方法  

A Method for Estimating Origin-destination Matrix of Public Transit Based on Smart Card and AVL Data

作　　者：李海波[1,2] 陈学武[1,2] 陈峥嵘[3] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学城市智能交通江苏省重点实验室,南京210096 [2]东南大学现代城市交通技术江苏高校协同创新中心,南京210096 [3]江苏省城市规划设计研究院,南京210036

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2015年第6期33-39,95,共8页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(批准号:51178109);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(批准号:2012CB725402);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助;江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(批准号:KYLX_0179)资助

摘　　要：公交IC卡收费系统和车辆定位系统的广泛应用,为获取公交客流OD提供了新的途径。针对现有公交客流OD推导算法的不足,从上车站点识别和下车站点推导两方面入手,对公交客流OD推导算法进行了改进。为了修正公交IC卡数据时间偏差,提高上车站点识别的准确性,在分析公交乘客上车刷卡行为的基础上,提出了基于AVL数据的公交IC卡数据时间修正方法。根据公交出行链的特性差异,将公交出行链划分为连续链和非连续链两大类,在此基础上,建立了不同公交出行链的下车站点推导模型,优化了下车站点推导流程。以苏州市的公交IC卡和AVL数据为例进行实例研究,通过对推导结果合理性的讨论分析,论证了改进算法的可行性和有效性。实践表明,改进后的公交客流OD推导算法流程清晰,易于程序实现,可以用于公交客流的自动分析。The use of automated fare collection（AFC）systems and automated vehicle location（AVL）systems provides a new way to obtain origin-destination（OD）matrix of public transit.In order to improve existing algorithms,this paper develops an improved algorithm for estimating the OD matrix of public transit using smart card and AVL data,which mainly consists of boarding and alighting location data.Based on analysis of AFC data of public transit passengers,a time correction model for smart card data is developed using the AVL data,in order to improve the accuracy of boarding locations.To optimize the inference of alighting locations,this paper divides trip chains of public transit into 2 major types,continuous and discontinuous,then proposes specific alighting inference models for them according to their distinguish characteristics.The improved algorithm is applied to study the smart card and AVL data from the City of Suzhou,and its feasibility and validity is validated by the rationality of the results indirectly.The results show that the improved algorithm has an effective progress and easy to be programmed.It can be used to automate the analysis of passenger flows of public transit.

关 键 词：交通大数据 公交客流OD IC卡数据 AVL数据 上车站点 下车站点 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]