浙江省部分地区初三学生接种含风疹成分疫苗的血清学和流行病学效果  

Serologic and Epidemiological Effect of Rubella-containing Vaccine Immunization Activities among Third-year Students of Middle School in Some Areas of Zhejiang Province

作　　者：何寒青[1] 谢淑云[1] 李倩[1] 严睿[1] 周洋[1] 邓璇[1] 符剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2016年第1期20-23,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：2014年浙江省人口计划生育科研项目"浙江省预防先天性风疹综合征的免疫策略和接种模式研究"(编号:2014KYB322)

摘　　要：目的评价初三学生常规接种含风疹成分疫苗（Rubella-containing Vaccine,RCV）的血清学和流行病学效果,为浙江省制定和调整风疹防控策略提供依据。方法根据接种对象的年龄队列人群,对1 853名分年龄组的健康人群风疹抗体水平监测结果开展血清学效果评价,分析不同年龄组2005~2014年的风疹发病率及发病构成比以评价流行病学效果。通过疑似预防接种异常反应（Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI）监测系统数据进行安全性评价。结果浙江省各年龄组间风疹血清抗体水平差异有统计学意义（F=46.20,P=0.000）,其中初三接种RCV的队列人群（15~19岁）风疹抗体阳性率为85%,抗体几何平均浓度（Geometric Mean Concentration,GMC）50.84IU/ml,显著高于10~14岁组（阳性率71%,GMC 26.46IU/ml）。浙江省15~19岁组风疹病例的构成比从2005年的20%降到2014年的3%,该年龄组风疹发病率与全人群的比值从3.62倍降到0.77倍。2008~2014年浙江省初三学生接种RCV后报告AEFI 88例,报告发生率为2.60/10万,其中一般反应占55%。结论初三学生接种RCV的血清学和流行病学保护效果良好,能加强该人群免疫屏障,减少风疹发病,并有较高的安全性。建议常规组织开展中学生麻疹风疹联合疫苗接种,以加速消除麻疹同时有效控制风疹。Objective To understand the serologic and epidemiological effects of rubella-containing vaccine（RCV） immunization activities among third-year middle school students,and to provide evidence for decision making regarding rubella control.Methods Serum samples from 1853 healthy subjects were collected for evaluation of immunity.The incidence and proportion of rubella cases in the target subjects of immunization activities were analyzed to evaluate the epidemiological impact of RCV vaccination.Vaccine safety assessment was conducted based on data from the adverse events following immunization（AEFI） system.Results There was a significant difference in seropositivity against rubella among different age groups（F=46.20,P=0.000）.Seropositive rates and geometric mean concentrations（GMC）of antibody among 15-19 year olds（85.92% and 50.84 IU/ml）,the target subjects of RCV immunization activities,were both higher than among 10-14 year olds（71% and 26.46 IU / ml）.The proportion of target subjects getting rubella decreased from 20% in 2005 to 3% in 2014,and the ratios of rubella incidence between target subjects and the total population decreased from 3.62 to 0.77.There were 88 AEFI cases reported after RCV immunization among target subjects in 2008-2014,with an AEFI rate of 2.6 per100 000 doses.55 % of all AEFI cases were minor adverse reactions.Conclusion High seroprotectionrates were achieved after RCV immunization activities targeting third-year students of middle school.The epidemiological effect was demonstrated by decreased incidence and proportion of target subjects getting rubella compared with the entire population.We recommend routine measlesand rubella combined immunization activities among middle school students for further measles elimination and rubella control.

关 键 词：初三学生 含风疹成分疫苗 血清学效果 流行病学效果 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]