4种典型PPCPs对蚕豆和大蒜根尖细胞微核率的影响  

Influence of Four Kinds of PPCPs on Micronucleus Rate of the Root-Tip Cells of Vicia-faba and Garlic

作　　者：王兰君[1] 王金花[1] 朱鲁生[1] 王军[1] 赵祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东省高校农业环境重点实验室,泰安271000

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第4期1568-1575,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40801203,41001152,41071164,21377075);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2013DQ007)

摘　　要：药物及个人护理品（PPCPs）对生态环境的潜在风险受到世界各国科学家的广泛关注.为评价典型PPCPs对植物细胞遗传物质的损伤程度,该试验以青皮蚕豆和大蒜为试验生物材料,分析强力霉素（DOX）、环丙沙星（CIP）、三氯卡班（TCC）和卡马西平（CBZ）在12.5-100 mg·L^-1的浓度范围内对蚕豆和大蒜根尖细胞微核率及微核指数的影响.结果表明：①DOX、CIP、TCC和CBZ分别作用于蚕豆根尖细胞时,细胞微核率均明显高于对照组（CK1）1.67‰,差异显著（P〈0.05）;微核指数均大于3.5,属于重度损伤;随染毒浓度的增大微核率均呈先增后减的趋势.②DOX、CIP、TCC和CBZ分别作用于大蒜根尖细胞时,产生微核数量较少,微核率均大于对照组（CK2）0.67‰,部分浓度组与CK2相比差异显著（P〈0.05）,仅当CIP浓度为25、50、100 mg·L^-1,TCC和CBZ浓度为25 mg·L^-1时微核指数大于3.5;随染毒浓度的增大微核率均呈先增后减的趋势.③供试化合物引起大蒜根尖细胞的微核率均明显低于蚕豆,两组之间差异显著（P〈0.05）.④4种化合物处理蚕豆和大蒜根尖细胞产生的微核指数整体对比大小均为CIP〉CBZ〉TCC〉DOX.研究显示,4种化合物达到一定浓度时均对蚕豆和大蒜根尖细胞造成了遗传损伤,对大蒜造成的损伤程度明显低于蚕豆,4种化合物性质不同对两种植物产生的损伤程度也不同.In order to determine the degree of biological genetic injury induced by PPCPs,the genotoxic effects of the doxycycline（ DOX）,ciprofloxacin（ CIP）,triclocarban（ TCC） and carbamazepine（ CBZ） in the concentration range of 12. 5-100 mg·L^-1were studied using micronucleus rate and micronucleus index of Vicia-faba and garlic. The results showed that： ①When the Vicia-faba roottip cells were exposed to DOX,CIP,TCC and CBZ,micronucleus rates were higher than 1. 67‰（ CK1）,it was significantly different from that of the control group（ P〈0. 05）,and the micronucleus index was even greater than 3. 5; With the increasing concentrations of the PPCPs,the micronucleus rates first increased and then decreased. ② When the garlic root tip cells were exposed to DOX,CIP,TCC and CBZ respectively,the micronucleus rates were less than those of the Vicia-faba,while in most treatments significantly higher than that of the control group（ 0. 67‰）. The micronucleus index was higher than 3. 5 in the groups exposed to CIP with concentrations of 25,50,100 mg·L^-1and TCC and CBZ with concentrations of 25 mg·L^-1; With the increase of exposure concentrations,the micronucleus rate showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing as well. ③ Under the same experimental conditions,the cells micronucleus rates of the garlic cells caused by the four tested compounds were significantly lower than those of Vicia-faba. ④ The micronucleus index of the root tip cells of Vicia-faba and garlic treated with the four kinds of compounds followed the order of CIP〉 CBZ〉 TCC〉 DOX. These results demonstrated that the four compounds caused biological genetic injury to root-tip cells of Vicia-faba and garlic,and the genetic damage caused to garlic was significantly lower than that to Vicia-faba. The damages caused by the four kinds of different compounds were also different.

关 键 词：PPCPS 蚕豆根尖 大蒜根尖 微核率 微核指数 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]