青少年体育活动意向与行为的关系:行动控制与情绪的中介作用  

Relationship Between Adolescents' Physical Activity Intention and Behavior:The Mediating Function of Action Control and Emotion

作　　者：张文娟[1,2] 毛志雄[3] 

机构地区：[1]澳门大学,中国澳门999078 [2]曲阜师范大学,山东曲阜273165 [3]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2016年第3期81-87,共7页Journal of Beijing Sport University

摘　　要：目的:以计划行为理论(TPB)为基础架构,将行动控制、情绪作为意向和行为之间的第3变量,目的是探讨男性321人、女性126人、年龄为(14.90±1.18)岁的青少年体育活动意向与行为的影响因素。方法:采用心理测验法,通过结构方程模型来完善TPB,提高对行为的解释力。结果:假设模型TPB-7因素模型的拟合度可以接受,而与TPB-5因素模型相比,TPB-7因素模型对行为意向的预测解释力由80.0%提高到84.0%,对行为的预测力由58.0%增加到67.0%。结论:在意向与行为之间加入行动控制和情绪的TPB-7因素模型能较好地预测行为,可以作为青少年体育活动行为干预的理论基础。行动控制和情绪是意向和行为之间的中介变量,且起着部分中介的作用。建议教师应注重培养青少年的意志力,帮助学生提高自我监督和调控的能力。还应帮助学生选择自己喜爱的活动项目,增加成功体验,享受体育活动的乐趣,并教会学生情绪调节的方法。Objectives： Taken the theory of planned behavior（ TPB） as the theoretical frame,taken action control and emotion as the third variables between intention and behavior,the study aimed to explore the influencing factors of adolescents＇（ 321 male,126 female,age = 14. 90 ± 1. 18 yrs） physical activity intention and behavior.Methods： Using the psychological test,through a structural equation modeling（ SEM） to improve TPB of its explanatory power to Behavior. Results： TPB-7 model fitness indices showed that the hypothesized model was acceptable; compared with TPB 5-factor model,the predicting and explaining power of intention in TPB 7-factor model that two mediators（ action control and emotion） were added in,raised from 80. 0% up to 84. 0%,and behavior raised from 58. 0% to 67. 0%. Conclusions： The TPB 7-factor model can effectively predict behavior. It can also be used as the theoretical base for adolescents＇ physical activity intervention. Action control and emotion are partial mediators between intention and behavior. It is suggested that educators should pay great attention to adolescents＇ willpower enhancement,and help them promote the ability of self-monitoring and self-control. Educators should also help students choose their favorite sport events,increase the experience of success and pleasure,and master emotion adjustment methods.

关 键 词：行动控制 情绪 计划行为理论 中介效应 体育活动 青少年 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]